The mode of action of papaverine on smooth muscle relaxation was examined through analyzing its effects on caffeine-induced contraction of guinea pig taenia coli, which might be due to calcium ion mobilized from intracellular store sites. Caffeine contraction induced in normal solution at 32 degrees C was decreased in the presence of papaverine but increased after the removal of papaverine, and...

Notice that best proximity point results have been studied to find necessaryconditions such that the minimization problemminx∈A∪Bd(x,Tx)has at least one solution, where T is a cyclic mapping defined on A∪B.A point p ∈ A∪B is a best proximity point for T if and only if thatis a solution of the minimization problem (2.1). Let (A,B) be a nonemptypair in a normed...

electron microscopy. Relaxation recurred 15 min after hormonal addition at 23°C. Similar experiments in cloned rat glomerular epithelial cells or "renin"producing cells did not demonstrate a contractile response. The contraction of MS cells was independent ofcyclic AMP (cAMP) and cyclic 3',5'-guanosine monophosphate (cGMP) production, even when cyclic nucleotides were measured as early as 30 s ...

The Cyclic Model attempts to resolve the homogeneity, isotropy, and flatness problems and generate a nearly scale-invariant spectrum of fluctuations during a period of slow contraction that precedes a bounce to an expanding phase. Here we describe at a conceptual level the recent developments that have greatly simplified our understanding of the contraction phase and the Cyclic Model overall. T...

Dibutyryl cyclic AMP and forskolin inhibited the contraction induced by norepinephrine (NE) more strongly than the high K(+)-induced contraction in isolated rat aorta. These inhibitors inhibited the 45Ca2+ influx stimulated by NE but not that by high K+, and they inhibited NE-induced inositol monophosphate accumulation. These results suggest that cAMP inhibits NE-induced contraction, at least p...

The activation of phosphorylase during muscle contraction and in the presence of epinephrine was studied in isolated frog sartorius and rat diaphragm, and in rat gastrocnemius in viuo. In all three tissues, epinephrine-induced conversion of phosphorylase b to a was accompanied by conversion of phosphorylase b kinase to the activated form (as evidenced by increased pH 6.8 to 8.2 activity ratios)...

We have used a combination of biochemical and pharmacological techniques to investigate the role of the cyclic nucleotides, 3', 5'-cyclic adenosine monophosphate (cyclic AMP) and 3',5'-cyclic guanosine monophosphate (cyclic GMP), in mediating the cardioregulatory effects of FMRFamide and other neuropeptides encoded on exon II of the FMRFamide gene of Lymnaea stagnalis. The 'isoleucine' peptides...