In analysing the safety strategies of organisations successfully managing hazardous systems it is apparent that safety itself is a problematic, and even risky, concept. It is less the valuation of safety per se than the disvalue surrounding mis-specification, misidentification, and misunderstanding that drives reliability in these organisations. Two contrasting models of high reliability can be...

Consider Lives for Headaches: there is some number of headaches such that the relief of those headaches is sufficient to outweigh the good life of an innocent person. Lives for Headaches is unintuitive, but difficult to deny. The argument leading to Lives for Headaches is valid, and appears to be constructed out of firmly entrenched premises. In this article, I advocate one way to reject Lives ...

wrongs, one will not see this asymmetry, which is the mistake 304. Id. at 242. 305. One might think that victims, if anyone, have a right to ensure that their wrongdoer is punished. But see infra Part IV.C. 306. See Epps, supra note 15, at 1142 & n.370; Reiman & van den Haag, supra note 21, at 242–43. 307. See Christopher, supra note 299, at 913 (suggesting that retributivism should settle on a...

According to one tradition, the virtues and vices should be understood in terms of their relation value. But inside this there are three distinct proposals: intrinsically valuable; instrumentally or a hybrid proposal on which either valuable. In paper, I offer an alternative tradition. propose that degreed properties being virtuous vicious, analyze value disvalue actions attitudes. defend my as...

I the extensive literature on learning curves, scholars have ignored outcome measures of organizational performance evaluated by customers. We explore whether customer dissatisfaction follows a learning-curve pattern. Do organizations learn to reduce customer dissatisfaction? Customer dissatisfaction occurs when customers’ ex ante expectations about a product or service exceed ex post perceptio...

Retirement policies often seek to set pensions at levels that enable single and married pensioners to have the same standard of living. The existing literature on consumer equivalence scales provides little assistance to this policy objective as the estimated scales are not very precise and rely on strong and opaque assumptions. This paper proposes an alternative strategy which involves the use...

Abstract According to the Fittingness Defense, even if consequences of anger are overall bad, it does not follow that we should aim avoid it. This is because fitting involves an accurate appraisal wrongdoing and essential for appreciating injustice signaling our disapproval (Srinivasan 2018; Shoemaker 2018). My in this paper show Defense fails. While appraisals prima facie rational justified on...

today, organizations continuously try to find the ways to gain loyal customers because of their advantages. customer to customer interactions has attracted more attention among marketers in which customer-to-customer interactions has been known as one of the most important methods of creating loyal customers. the present paper seeks to propose a service model developed in traveling and tourism ...

Customers are savvier and more demanding than ever. Competition is increasing and competitive advantage is fleeting. Once-strong relationships have weakened, customers faced with an exploding array of choices, are easily swayed by competitive offerings at lower prices. How can you possibly stay ahead of this juggernaut? The answer lies in a clear and concise customer strategy, led by a Chief Cu...

A number of recent marketing studies examine the stock market's response to the release of American Customer Satisfaction Index (ACSI) scores. The broad purpose of these studies is to investigate the stock market's valuation of customer satisfaction. However, a key focus is on whether customer satisfaction information predicts long-run returns. We provide evidence on the market's pricing of ACS...