Kinetics of crystal growth in non-isochemical systems is considered taking into account the changes in composition of the residual melt during the process. This leads to the formation of concentration gradients in the vicinity of the new phase. If a component acting as a network modifier is enriched in the crystalline phase, the melt at the interface is enriched in network formers and the glass...

: optical separate spatial dark and bright soliton pairs in steady-state case in one dimension, for a series circuit consisting of two-photon photorefractive (pr) crystal are investigated. each crystal can be supported the spatial soliton, and at least one must be photovoltaic. the two solitons are known collectively as separate spatial soliton pairs with dark–dark, bright–dark and bright–brigh...

This paper provides a study of the theoretical properties of Most Relevant Explanation (MRE) [12]. The study shows that MRE defines an implicit soft relevance measure that enables automatic pruning of less relevant or irrelevant variables when generating explanations. The measure also allows MRE to capture the intuitive phenomenon of explaining away encoded in Bayesian networks. Furthermore, we...

Diversity of opinion is an empirical fact often appearing in social networks. In the paper known statistical methods of evaluation is substituted by fuzzy concepts, namely Step Ordered Fuzzy Numbers (SOFN). SOFN are extentions of Ordered Fuzzy numbers (OFN) introduced by Kosiński, Prokopowicz and Ślȩzak in 2002. In 2011 Kacprzak and Kosiński observed that SOFN may be equipped with a lattice str...

New Cu(II) triazole coordination polymers with a 3D network were synthesized and reversible structural conversion between a 3D network and a 1D chain with color change was realized by pH controlled acidic and basic-suspensions or vapors. For each conversion process of decreasing and increasing pH, conversion was accomplished with high yield, in which the crystal before conversion played the rol...

A reflective-type liquid crystal (LC) wavefront corrector with modal addressing is described. The corrector’s backplane has an array of pixel electrodes interconnected by a network of discrete resistors. The resistive network serves to form the local voltage profile that controls the phase distribution generated in the liquid crystal layer. This design is realized in a bipolar silicon technolog...