This paper presents results pertaining to the numerical modeling of the cryogenic system at the Canadian Light Source. The cryogenic system consists of the cryostat that houses a Radio Frequency (RF) Cavity used for boosting energy of an electron beam. For consistent operation of the RF Cavity, it must be kept immersed in liquid helium at a constant level with the pressure in the gas space main...

A capillary flow liquid acquisition device (LAD) for cryogenic propellants has been developed and tested in NASA Glenn Research Center to meet the requirements of transferring cryogenic liquid propellants from storage tanks to an engine in reduced gravity environments. The prototypical mesh screen channel LAD was fabricated with a mesh screen, covering a rectangular flow channel with a cylindri...

The flow field produced by a shock wave reflecting from a helium gas-liquid interface was investigated using a cryogenic shock tube. Incident and reflected shock waves were observed in the gas; transmitted firstand second-sound shocks were observed in the liquid. Wave diagrams are constructed to compare the data with theoretical wave trajectories. Qualitative agreement between data and theory i...

The cryogenic system for the KSTAR superconducting magnets has been commissioned. It consists of a cold box, distribution boxes (DB) and cryogenic transfer lines. The cold box and DB #1 provide 600 g/s of supercritical helium to cool the superconducting (SC) magnets, their SC bus-lines, and the magnet support structures. It also provides 17.5 g/s of liquid helium to the current leads and suppli...

Proteins are known to undergo a dynamical transition at around 200 K but the underlying mechanism, physical origin, and relationship to water are controversial. Here we report an observation of a protein dynamical transition as low as 110 K. This unexpected protein dynamical transition precisely correlated with the cryogenic phase transition of water from a high-density amorphous to a low-densi...

BACKGROUND Establishing a stand-alone cryogenic test stand is of vital importance to ensure the highly reliable and available operation of superconducting radio-frequency module in a synchrotron light source. Operating a cryogenic test stand relies strongly on a capability to deliver two-phase helium along long cryogenic transfer lines. A newly constructed cryogenic test stand with flexible cry...

Progress toward the construction of a universal molecule injector for doping bulk liquid helium is reported. A pulsed valve that operates at cryogenic temperatures, down to 4 K, is demonstrated within the confinement of a cryostat, operating in the vapor above a steady level of liquid He. The insulated valve can be operated at elevated temperatures with preseeded helium gas in supersonic expans...

The lead liquid argon sampling calorimeter of the SLD detector is the largest det_ector employing cryogenic liquids now in operation. This paper details the design and performance considerations, the mechanical and cryogenic systems, the absorber design and tower segmentation, the data acquisition electronics, and the control systems of the detector. The initial operational performance of the d...

Insulated pressure vessels are cryogenic-capable pressure vessels that can be fueled with liquid hydrogen (LH2) or ambient-temperature compressed hydrogen (CH2). Insulated pressure vessels offer the advantages of liquid hydrogen tanks (low weight and volume), with reduced disadvantages (fuel flexibility, lower energy requirement for hydrogen liquefaction and reduced evaporative losses). The wor...

The superconducting 1.3-GHz niobium cavities of the XFEL linear accelerator will be cooled in a bath of saturated liquid He II at a temperature of 2 K. The liquid He II supply of the 1.7-km long linac is subdivided in sections of about 150 m length. In these sections a two-phase flow of He II liquid and corresponding vapor occurs. A stable stratified smooth helium flow has to be maintained for ...