This experiment was conducted to evaluate the effects of normal CO2 level (350ppm) and elevated concentration (700ppm) on growth and competitive ability of millet and soybean against pigweed and lambsquaters. The plants were planted as mono and multicultural to study interand intra-specific competition in the greenhouse. Root and shoot dry weights and chlorophyll value was measured at the end o...

In the USA, cultivated sunflower (Helianthus annuus) is often sympatric with wild H. annuus, which is an agricultural weed that grows along roadsides and in other disturbed sites. We found that crop-to-wild gene flow was common (~5-40% hybrids) when wild plants occurred within <1,000 m of the crop, and crop-specific genetic markers persisted in wild populations for many generations. Crop-to-wil...

Light is an important resource that crops and weeds compete for and so increased light interception by the crop can be used as a method of weed suppression in cereal crops. This research investigated the impact of altered availability of photosynthetically active radiation (PAR) (from crop row orientation or seeding rate) on the growth and fecundity of Lolium rigidum. Wheat and barley crops wer...

In this paper, we tackle the classification of gender in facial images with deep learning. Our convolutional neural networks (CNN) use the VGG-16 architecture [1] and are pretrained on ImageNet for image classification. Our proposed method (2^B3^C) first detects the face in the facial image, increases the margin of a detected face by 50%, cropping the face with two boxes three crop schemes (Lef...

abstract in order to evaluate of yield and yield components of eight wheat cultivars against flix weed (descurainia sophia), an experiment was conducted using a factorial arrangement of treatments in a randomized complete block design with four replications during 2003-2004 growing season in varamin region. the wheat cultivars were tabasi, roshan, karaj2, azadi, niknejad, mahdavi, shiraz and pi...

Oliver Bossdorf*, Daniel Prati, Harald Auge and Bernhard Schmid Department of Community Ecology, UFZ Centre for Environmental Research, D-06120 Halle, Germany Institute of Environmental Sciences, University of Zurich, Winterthurerstr. 190, CH-8057 Zurich, Switzerland *Correspondence: E-mail: [email protected] Abstract One explanation for successful plant invaders is that they evolved to be...

in this study, we considered some competitive learning methods which include hard competitive learning (hcl) and soft competitive learning (scl) with/ without fixed network dimensionality for reliability analysis in microarrays. in order to have a more extensive view, and keeping in mind that competitive learning methods aim at error minimization or entropy maximization (different kinds of func...

Field pea (Pisum sativum L.) and wheat (Triticum sativum L.) were either sole cropped or intercropped in a complete design of five relative proportions and five density levels to determine the effects of interspecific interaction in an intercrop on wheat baking quality. It is shown how pea interspecific competitive ability for factors such as light and water results in an increase in wheat prot...

The changing fortunes of a particular country many times depends on the people ́s ability to accept the world-wide appeals. If they are able to face the competition, especialy if they are able to take their chance presented in the modern world. The Global economy brings not only threats but also opportunities. If each country had a positive approach to the global appeals, it would perform an eco...