Regardless of actual nicotine content, expectations about the nicotine content of a cigarette influence the rewarding subjective effects of smoking, and may even affect cognitive performance. These effects are theorized to be mediated by beliefs about effects of cigarette smoking, or response expectancies. However, few studies have directly manipulated response expectancies. Understanding the e...

objective: drug craving is defined as an urge to continue substance abuse. drug dependents use different terms to express their subjective feeling of craving. this study was an attempt to generate an understanding of craving terminology among different groups of persian speaking iranian opiate dependents. method: terms used for the meaning of drug craving were listed by 36 ex-opiate dependents ...

introduction: drug craving could be described as a motivational state which drives drug dependents towards drug seeking and use. different types of self-reports such as craving feeling, desire and intention, wanting and need, imagery of use, and negative affect have been attributed to this motivational state. by using subjective self-reports for different correlates of drug craving along with f...

a b s t r a c tintroduction: craving to methamphetamine is a significant health concern and exposure to methamphetamine cues in laboratory can induce craving. in this study, a task designing procedure for evaluating methamphetamine cue-induced craving in laboratory conditions is examined. methods: first a series of visual cues which could induce craving was identified by 5 discussion sessions b...

Validation study of the Turkish version of the Craving Typology Questionnaire (CTQ) in male alcohol-dependent patients Objective: Alcohol craving is considered a core symptom of alcohol use disorder and a strong predictor of relapse in alcohol-dependent adults. The Craving Typology Questionnaire (CTQ) allows dimensional selfrating assessment of craving according to a three-pathway psychobiologi...

Craving is considered to play an important role in the persistence of drug use and relapse of drug use. Very few studies have looked into the subjective experience of this phenomena. This study attempts to study craving comprehensively as described by the subjects. In the present study 30 patients of heroin dependence syndrome were assessed (using a semi-structured questionnaire) for the subjec...

BACKGROUND Psychosocial interventions for substance dependence have demonstrated efficacy. However, the mechanisms by which specific intervention strategies exert their effect have not been clearly identified. OBJECTIVE This study investigated the prospective relationships between two psychological processes, an attentional bias toward cocaine stimuli and beliefs about the consequences of coc...

INTRODUCTION Craving is being considered for inclusion in the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual (DSM) DSM-5. However, little is known of its genetic underpinnings - specifically, whether genetic influences on craving are distinct from those influencing DSM-IV alcohol dependence. METHOD Analyses were conducted in a sample of unrelated adults ascertained for alcohol dependence (N=3976). Factor ...