Bright sunlight may create visual illusions that lead to driver error, including fallible distance judgment from aerial perspective. We tested whether the risk of a life-threatening motor vehicle crash was increased when driving in bright sunlight.This longitudinal, case-only, paired-comparison analysis evaluated patients hospitalized because of a motor vehicle crash between January 1, 1995 and...

OBJECTIVES We explored the risky driving behaviors and risk perceptions of a cohort of young novice drivers and sought to determine their associations with crash risk. METHODS Provisional drivers aged 17 to 24 (n = 20 822) completed a detailed questionnaire that included measures of risk perception and behaviors; 2 years following recruitment, survey data were linked to licensing and police-r...

THC-positive cases (no other drugs or alcohol detected) showed an elevated relative risk compared to drug free drivers suggesting increased crash risk with recent cannabis use. When alcohol or other psychoactive drugs were also present this crash risk increased substantially. Recent use of cannabis therefore appears to be associated with an increased risk of a fatal car crash similar to a BAC o...

BACKGROUND Heavy vehicle transportation continues to grow internationally; yet crash rates are high, and the risk of injury and death extends to all road users. The work environment for the heavy vehicle driver poses many challenges; conditions such as scheduling and payment are proposed risk factors for crash, yet the precise measure of these needs quantifying. Other risk factors such as sleep...

As mobile devices came into wide use, it became practical to collect travel data in personal logs. Many studies have been conducted to extract meaningful information from this trend. In this study, we present a system for monitoring road-geometry and crash-risk estimation, based on trajectories created using a smartphone-aided sensor network. The proposed system consists of a number of node veh...

Graduated driving licensing laws are now in place in all 50 U.S. states and the District of Columbia. However, despite stricter supervised driving requirements, restrictions on the number of passengers, and earlier nighttime driving curfews, teen drivers continue to be at a higher crash risk than the adult driving population. The National Motor Vehicle Crash Causation Survey (NMVCCS) dataset wa...

OBJECTIVE To provide updated estimates of the relationship between the number and ages of passengers present in a vehicle and the crash risk per mile driven of 16- and 17-year-old drivers. METHODS Data on crashes that occurred in years 2007-2010 and data on the number of miles driven in years 2008-2009 were examined. Rates of crash involvement and driver death per mile driven were estimated f...

STUDY OBJECTIVES To determine whether drivers with sleep apnea are at increased risk of motor vehicle crash; whether disease severity, daytime sleepiness, or both disease severity and daytime sleepiness affect this risk, and whether treatment of sleep apnea reduces crash risk. DESIGN Systematic review of published literature. SETTING N/A. PATIENTS/PARTICIPANTS Patients with sleep apnea. ...

AbstractIn this paper, we evaluate the performance of a spatial multiresolution analysis (SMA) method, that behaves like variable bandwidth kernel density estimation (KDE) for hazardous r...

Despite the identification of crash hotspots as a first step of the roads safety management process, with various effective black spots identification (HSID) methods, only a few researchers have compared the performance of these methods; also it is not clear which test is the most consistent in the black-spots identification. In this research, seven commonly applied HSID methods (accident frequ...