Intraspinal primitive neuroectodermal tumors (PNETs) are extremely rare and are aggressive with poor outcomes. Till date only 41 cases of intraspinal PNET have been reported. Here we report four new cases. Total excision of the tumor was done in three patients and partial excision in one patient. The unusual clinical features were vertebral metasis in one patient and short history of symptoms f...

Pilocytic astrocytoma (PA) is a low grade benign tumor, commonly occurs in Cerebellum (42-60%), Optic & hypothalamic region (9-30%), Brain Stem (9%). They rarely spread. It within the ventricle. In this report, we described our experience with cranial pilocytic 14-year-old child, who initially treated near total decompression of tumor. Four and half years later, recurrence primary tumor obs...

Medulloblastoma, a malignant, invasive embryonal tumor of the cerebellum, occurs most often in children. It has high metastatic potential and is usually treated by aggressive multimodal therapy, including surgery, chemotherapy and craniospinal irradiation. Multiple secondary tumors have been reported following craniospinal irradiation. It is rare with the occurrence of oligodendroglioma after i...

Craniospinal hypotension is the syndrome of orthostatic headache associated with low cerebrospinal fluid pressure. Imaging findings are usually explained by Monro-Kellie hypothesis stating that the craniospinal compartment is incompressible and any increase in volume of one of the craniospinal constituents (blood, cerebrospinal fluid, and parenchyma) must be compensated by a decrease in volume ...

Medulloblastoma is a rare brain malignancy. Patients after puberty are and bear an intermediate prognosis. Standard treatment consists of maximal resection plus radio-chemotherapy. Treatment toxicity high produces disabling long-term side effects. The sonic hedgehog (SHH) subgroup highly overrepresented in the post-pubertal adult population can be targeted by smoothened (SMO) inhibitors. No pra...

Aim To evaluate final height in a cohort of Dutch childhood cancer survivors (CCS) and assess possible determinants of final height, including height at diagnosis. Patients and Methods We calculated standard deviation scores (SDS) for height at initial cancer diagnosis and height in adulthood in a cohort of 573 CCS. Multivariable regression analyses were performed to estimate the influence of d...

Pineoblastoma is a rare malignant tumor of the central nervous system (CNS), which arises from the parenchyma of the pineal gland. It is characterized by aggressive clinical behavior and frequent metastases along the craniospinal axis. Extraneural metastases may occur due to surgical seeding of tumor cells beyond the dura and/or hematogenous spread, ventriculoperitoneal shunting, or through Bat...

Between May 2002 and August 2010, a total of 38 patients, who were clinically diagnosed as, but without surgical biopsy confirmation, intracranial germ cell tumors (GCTs) were treated at our Cancer Center. The patients were grouped into chemotherapy(n 1⁄4 21 ), radiotherapy(n 1⁄4 5), and stereotactic radiotherapy (n 1⁄4 12) based on the primary treatment. Median age of the patients at diagnosis...