As studies increasingly use transcranial direct-current stimulation (tDCS) to manipulate brain activity, surprising results are emerging. Specifically, research combining tDCS with electrophysiology is showing that the long-lasting effects of tDCS can counter-intuitively influence specific neural mechanisms active for as little as 100 ms during the flow of human information processing.

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.............................................................................................................................................. III I. ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS ...................................................................................................................... VII II. TABLE OF CONTENTS ........................................................................................

Kar K, Wright J. Probing the mechanisms underlying the mitigation of cognitive aging with anodal transcranial direct current stimulation. J Neurophysiol 111: 1397–1399, 2014. First published December 11, 2013; doi:10.1152/jn.00736.2013.—Meinzer et al. (J Neurosci 33: 12470–12478, 2013) have recently reported that anodal transcranial direct current stimulation (atDCS) mitigates age-related cogni...

Computational neurostimulation aims to develop mathematical constructs that link the application of neuromodulation with changes in behavior and cognition. This process is critical but daunting for technical challenges and scientific unknowns. The overarching goal of this review is to address how this complex task can be made tractable. We describe a framework of sequential modeling steps to ac...

Background: Growing attention is paid to transcranial direct current stimulation (tDCS) as a novel neuromodulation method in the treatment of psychiatric illnesses. In spite of its simple procedure, electrophysiological influence of tDCS is complex and not fully understood. Therefore, its procedure and clinical application is yet to be established. To address this issue, we reviewed and summari...

In the present study, we monitored hemodynamic responses in rat brains during transcranial direct current stimulation (tDCS) using functional near-infrared spectroscopy (fNIRS). Seven rats received transcranial anodal stimulation with 200 μA direct current (DC) on their right barrel cortex for 10 min. The concentration changes of oxygenated hemoglobin (oxy-Hb) were continuously monitored during...

Transcranial Direct-Current Stimulation (tDCS) is a non-invasive form of brain stimulation similar to transcranial magnetic stimulation, but instead of using magnets, it uses a lowintensity, constant current applied through scalp electrodes. Generally, anodal stimulation induces an increase of cortical excitability, whereas cathodal stimulation decreases cortical excitability, with effects that...