In 2004, a team comprised of researchers and service providers launched the Safer Crack Use, Outreach, Research and Education (SCORE) project in the Downtown Eastside of Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada. The project was aimed at developing a better understanding of the harms associated with crack cocaine smoking and determining the feasibility of introducing specific harm reduction strategie...

To improve resolution of in-situ measurement crack closure and opening in fatigue, potential drop (PD) technique has been further developed to measure thousands times through each load cycle with high precision. The results are interpreted physical phenomena like strain, Poisson’s effect, piezo-resistivity, plasticity, growth. Application the fatigue growth tests on aluminum 2024-T3 CCT specime...