this study represents phylogenetic analyses of two woody polygonaceous genera calligonum and pteropyrum using both chloroplast fragment (trnl-f) and the nuclear ribosomal internal transcribed spacer (nrdna its) sequence data. all inferred phylogenies using parsimony and bayesian methods showed that calligonum and pteropyrum are both monophyletic and closely related taxa. they have no affinity w...

An overview on legal regulation, taxonomy, and botanical and chemical methods of analysis of marijuana are provided. Emphases are placed on the applications of the recently developed molecular biology methods to the identification and characterization of marijuana samples. Procedures for the extraction of plant DNA, DNA amplification, restriction analysis, and sequence analysis are reviewed. Th...

This study uses phylogenetic relationships of the species-rich section Astragalus (Incani), to follow up on recent evidence pointing rapid and plant diversification patterns in west Iran. Section Incani is introduced for its taxonomic complication resulting from overlapping morphological characters, but few studies have been done this section; hence, we also lack a robust time-calibrated chrono...

Most species of Paraphlomis are distributed in the south Yangtze River China. In this study, a new species, P. nana, from northeast Chongqing north is described and illustrated. Bayesian inference maximum likelihood analyses based on two nuclear ribosomal DNA regions (ITS ETS) three plastid markers (rpl32-trnL, rps16, trnL-trnF) were carried out to explore phylogenetic position within Paraphlom...

Dipterocarpoideae, the largest sub-family of well-known plant family Dipterocarpaceae, dominates in South Asian rain forests. Although several previous studies addressed the phylogeny of the Dipterocarpaceae family, relationships among many of its genera from the Dipterocarpoideae sub-family are still not well understood. In particular, little is known about the relationships of the genera Vate...

BACKGROUND Hybrids possess phenotypic traits that are often intermediate between their parental taxa, which commonly serves as evidence of hybridization in morphological analyses. Natural hybridization has been shown to occur frequently in Ligularia (Asteraceae). In a previous study, Ligularia ×maoniushanensis was demonstrated as a natural hybrid species between L. duciformis and L. paradoxa ba...

Chloroplast DNA sequences are a primary source of data for plant molecular systematic studies. A few key papers have provided the molecular systematics community with universal primer pairs for noncoding regions that have dominated the field, namely trnL-trnF and trnK/matK. These two regions have provided adequate information to resolve species relationships in some taxa, but often provide litt...

UNLABELLED PREMISE OF THE STUDY New primers were developed for Bignonieae to enable phylogenetic studies within this clade using herbarium samples. • METHODS AND RESULTS Internal primers were designed based on available sequences of the plastid ndhF gene and the rpl32-trnL intergenic spacer region, and the nuclear gene PepC. The resulting primers were used to amplify DNA extracted from her...

The 50 S subunit of chloroplast ribosomes was prepared from tobacco leaves. The proteins were fractionated and the N-terminal amino acid sequence of a 14 kDa protein was determined. This sequence matches the N-terminal sequence deduced from ORF55 located between ndhF and trnL on the small single-copy region of tobacco chloroplast DNA. The deduced protein shows homology to E. coli and B. stearot...