A custom in-the-ear (ITE) hearing aid fitting was compared to two over-the-ear (OTE) hearing aid fittings for each of 9 subjects with mild to moderately severe hearing losses. Speech intelligibility via the three instruments was compared using the Speech Intelligibility Rating (SIR) test. The relationship between functional gain and coupler gain was compared for the ITE and the higher rated OTE...

As silicon photonics enters mainstream technology, we find ourselves in need of methods to seamlessly transfer light between the optical fibers of global scale telecommunications networks and the on-chip waveguides used for signal routing and processing in local computing networks. Connecting these components directly results in high loss from their unequal sizes. Therefore, we employ a coupler...

We report a detailed study on soliton steering dynamics in parity-time-symmetric directional coupler the femtosecond domain, which requires incorporation of higher-order perturbative effects such as third-order and fourth-order dispersions, self-steepening, intrapulse Raman scattering. With high gain/loss, combination all these is found to stabilize pulse evolution from chaotic behavior unpertu...

We reveal a generic connection between the effect of time reversals and nonlinear wave dynamics in systems with parity-time (PT ) symmetry, considering a symmetric optical coupler with balanced gain and loss where these effects can be directly observed experimentally. We show that for intensities below a threshold level, the amplitudes oscillate between the waveguides, and the effects of gain a...

A rat-race coupler is one of the essential components used in microwave circuits. Rat-race coupler has numerous applications in satellite communication, phased array radar antenna systems and radar. Recently, wireless communication systems usually require smaller device size, in order to meet circuit miniaturization. Thus, size reduction becoming major design considerations for practical applic...

In this paper, a cruciform coupler with half mode substrate integrated waveguide structure is presented. The prototype coupler consists of four half mode SIW structures crossing each other in right angle and two metallic posts are inserted in free section of junction in order to reach the coupling properties. Compact size and broadband operation are the features of this coupler. The size of cou...

The beam propagation method (BPM) used for the design of an integrated optical (IO) coupler was proposed in this paper. A modal of the IO coupler was set up in BeamPROP software that is based on the BPM, and then the modes and the bi-directional propagation in the proposed coupler were investigated. Finally, the structure and dimension of the coupler was determined.

Plücker’s and Klein’s equations provide an upper bound on the number of real inflections on the coupler curve of a hinged planar four-bar mechanism. Generally, for any configuration of the four-bar, the coupler points whose trajectories exhibit inflections lie on a circle. The coupler plane is partitioned by the envelope of the inflection circles into connected regions within which every couple...

This paper presents an exact design technique to obtain formulas for compact quadrature hybrid coupler. We minimize the physical size based on even-and odd mode analysis. The proposed structure is relatively simple as the coupler can be fabricated on a single-layer printed circuit board. After finishing the design, full prototype of proposed coupler is fabricated and tested to validate the desi...