We report measurements of annual and diurnal modulations the cosmic-ray muon rate in Yangyang underground laboratory (Y2L) using 952 days COSINE-100 data acquired between September 2016 July 2019. A correlation with atmospheric temperature is observed its amplitude on determined. The effective variations are positively correlated a measured coefficient $\alpha_{T}$ = 0.80 $\pm$ 0.11. This resul...

The photo-meson production of pions by shock-accelerated protons could generate a burst of ∼ 10 14 eV neutrinos from gamma-ray bursts (GRBs) observable in the Antarctic Muon and Neutrino Detector Array (AMANDA) or its larger successors. Measurement of this flux can test the hypothesis that GRBs are the sources of the highest-energy cosmic rays, and GRB neutrinos could permit high-precision expe...

The scenario of heavy quark meson spectroscopy underwent recently a major revolution, after the observation of BABAR and CLEO, confirmed by BELLE, of DsJ L=1 excited states, and by further evidences by SELEX. These experimental results have cast doubts on the incarnations of the ideas of Heavy Quark Effective Theory in heavy quark spectroscopy. I shall review the status of experimental data, di...

Via its role in aerosol formation, cosmic ray may affect the global cloudiness and hence climate. Here we show that an increase in cosmic ray fluxes may lead to an increase in particle production in the lower troposphere but a decrease in particle production in the upper troposphere. In addition to the reported positive correlation between cosmic ray variations and low cloudiness, our analysis ...

The solar wind modulates the flux of galactic cosmic rays impinging on Earth inversely with solar activity. Cosmic ray ionisation is the major source of air’s electrical conductivity over the oceans and well above the continents. Differential solar modulation of the cosmic ray energy spectrum modifies the cosmic ray ionisation at different latitudes, varying the total atmospheric columnar condu...

We report new high resolution measurements of the elemental and isotopic composition of galactic cosmic ray B, C, N, and 0 nuclei with ~ 30 to ~ 130 MeV nucleon-•. These observations place limits on the isotopic composition of the cosmic ray source and restrict possible models of cosmic ray origin and propagation. In particular, we find that N is significantly depleted in the cosmic ray source ...