Assembly of DNA into chromatin requires a delicate balancing act, as both dearth and excess of histones severely disrupt chromatin function [1-3]. In particular, cells need to carefully control histone stoichiometry: if different types of histones are incorporated into chromatin in an imbalanced manner, it can lead to altered gene expression, mitotic errors, and death [4-6]. Both the balance be...

The protection against micrococcal nuclease digestion afforded to chromatosomal DNA by the presence of a linker histone (H1(o)) has been quantitatively measured in two reconstituted systems. We have used chromatosomes reconstituted at two distinct positions on a DNA fragment containing the 5S rRNA gene from Lytechinus variegatus and at a specific position on a sequence containing Gal4- and USF-...

Eukaryotes package DNA into nucleosomes that contain a core of histone proteins. During DNA replication, nucleosomes are disrupted and re-assembled with newly synthesized histones and DNA. Despite much progress, it is still unclear why higher eukaryotes contain multiple core histone genes, how chromatin assembly is controlled, and how these processes are coordinated with cell cycle progression....

Nucleosome unwrapping dynamics provide transient access to the complexes involved in DNA transcription, repair and replication, while regulation of nucleosome unwrapping modulates occupancy of these complexes. Histone H3 is phosphorylated at Tyrosine 41 (H3Y41ph) and Threonine 45 (H3T45ph). H3Y41ph is implicated in regulating transcription, while H3T45ph is involved in DNA replication and apopt...

Engagement of integrin cell adhesion receptors in mouse lung endothelial cells induces global sensitivity of DNA to nuclease digestion, reflecting alterations in chromatin structure. These structural changes may contribute to the antigenotoxic effects of integrin engagement in lung endothelium. Because histone acetylation and poly(ADP-ribosyl)ation modulate chromatin structure, we investigated ...

after ["PIP, administration in vivo in Go-phase or early G,-phase. Gel electrophoresis showed that the nucleosomes recovered in the chromatin from the phosphorylated nuclei contained both mononucleosomes with 200-base-pair DNA and histone HI and core particles with 140-base-pair DNA and no histone H1. ["PIP, uptake into histones H3 and H2A occurred only in the latter (Table 1). Using rats of ov...

Although several histone variants have been studied in both animal and plant organisms, little is known about their distribution during processes that involve alterations in chromatin function, such as differentiation, dedifferentiation and hormone treatment. In this study we evaluated the ratio of each histone variant in each of the four core histone classes in the three developmental zones of...

Telomere Position Effect (TPE) is governed by strong repression signals emitted by telomeres via the Sir2/3/4 Histone Deacetylase complex. These signals are then relayed by weak proto-silencers residing in the subtelomeric core X and Y' elements. Subtelomeres also contain Sub-Telomeric Anti-silencing Regions (STARs). In this study we have prepared telomeres built of different combinations of co...