In this paper, we present an analysis of Copular Agreement in Hindi-Urdu. We examine assumed identity copula structures (e.g., For today, I am him.), where show that the broad characterization Hindi-Urdu agreement generalization – ‘agree with highest unmarked DP’ is insufficient: a structurally lower nominal has demonstrable impact on availability higher nominal. This interference arises as fun...

Much attention in recent Korean linguistics literature has been paid to the imperfective puzzle surrounding the periphrastic marker -ko iss-. This marker corresponds to English BE + -ing in a way but, unlike its English counterpart, -ko (KO) is a connective meaning „and‟, and iss(ISS) literally means „exist‟, though it is often glossed as BE or Copular in the literature. The imperfective puzzle...

Recent work on object shift in the Scandinavian languages has rejected earlier syntactic analyses in favor of prosodic or information-structural accounts. In this paper I present new evidence from Danish copular clauses that argues against a prosodic analysis of the phenomenon. In particular, I show that speci cational copular clauses do not allow object shift and that this fact cannot be accou...

The ability to comprehend and produce phrasal verbs, as lexical chunks or groups of words which are commonly found together, is an important part of language learning. This study investigates the effect of ‘conceptual metaphor awareness’, as a newly developed technique in Cognitive Linguistics, on learning phrasal verbs by Iranian intermediate EFL learners. To meet this objective, two intact ho...

Specificational pseudoclefts (SPCs) have been a great challenge for a syntactic theory, because, despite the surface division between the preand postcopular elements, the post-copular ‘pivot’ behaves as if it occupied the gap position in the precopular wh-clause. This paper argues that movement-based or deletion-based syntactic approaches and purely semantic approaches have problems in dealing ...

Cross-linguistically, there are two devices for grammar to process the focus mark [+FocusJ: the fronting of focused constituents and the insertion of a Focus Mark such as the English 'be' before focused constituents. In this mode of formulation, a comparative study of Focus and Focus-Marking in Chinese and Malay has been conducted. These two languages are similar and different. They are similar...

In many areas of language acquisition, researchers have suggested that semantic generality plays an important role in determining the order of acquisition of particular lexical forms. However, generality is typically confounded with the effects of input frequency and it is therefore unclear to what extent semantic generality or input frequency determines the early acquisition of particular lexi...

This article aims at reformulating in more current terms Hoekstra and Mulder’s (1990) analysis of the Locative Inversion (LI) construction, illustrated in (2b) below. The new proposal is crucially based on the assumption that Small Clause (SC) predicates agree with their external argument in φ-features, which may be morphologically reflected, as in the case of adjectival agreement in the Italia...