Besides being a naturally occurring element and an essential micronutrient, copper is used as a pesticide, but at generally higher concentrations. Copper, unlike organic pesticides, does not degrade, but rather enters a complex biogeochemical cycle. In the water column, copper can exist bound to both organic and inorganic species and as free or hydrated copper ions. Water column chemistry affec...

Background: Soil and plant contamination in copper exposure causes chronic copper poisoning (CCP) in animals following the consumption of plants in these soils. Objectives: The present study was carried out on 10 clinically affected copper poisoned cases (in each season) from autumn 2015 to the end of summer 2016, in four seasons in Kerman province to evaluate the seasonal effects of CCP in she...

Clioquinol (5-chloro-7-iodo-8-quinolinol) is a copper ionophore that was used primarily during the 1950-1970s as an oral antimicrobial agent. It has been established that clioquinol displays toxicity towards malignant cells, inducing caspase-dependent apoptosis. In the present study we therefore investigated the effect of clioquinol on the XIAP [X-linked IAP (inhibitor of apoptosis protein)], a...

UNLABELLED In the absence of a tight control of copper entrance into cells, bacteria have evolved different systems to control copper concentration within the cytoplasm and the periplasm. Central to these systems, the Cu(+) ATPase CopA plays a major role in copper tolerance and translocates copper from the cytoplasm to the periplasm. The fate of copper in the periplasm varies among species. Cop...

Background: Artemia urmiana are small crustaceans that because of its non-selective filter feeder pattern potentially may absorb high level of heavy metals through their living environment. In this study, the effects of different levels of cadmium and copper on survival, catalase activity and metals bioconcentration rates in A. urmiana nauplii have been investigated. Methods: The research wa...

Recent findings suggest that both host and pathogen manipulate copper content in infected host niches during infections. In this review, we summarize recent developments that implicate copper resistance as an important determinant of bacterial fitness at the host-pathogen interface. An essential mammalian nutrient, copper cycles between copper (I) (Cu(+)) in its reduced form and copper (II) (Cu...

Respiratory toxicity of copper was tested in Wistar rats by spraying copper sulfate (330 g/l spray) for daily periods of 1 hr in a self-contained chamber for up to 10 days. The respiratory toxicity was compared with that from intraperitoneal administration of 1 mg Cu/mg body weight and with adequate control rats. Analysis of tissue Cu and Zn was done in lung, liver, kidney, and plasma by using ...