the drawing of frequency-path (f-p) models of optical beams is an approach for nonlinearity analysis in nano-metrology systems and sensors based on the laser interferometers. in this paper, the frequency-path models of four nano-metrology laser interferometry systems are designed, analyzed and simulated, including conventional and modified two- and three-longitudinal-mode laser interferometers....

Admission Control (AC) is an efficient way of dealing with congestion situations in a network. Using AC, when network resources in a path are not enough for all flows (i.e., during congestion), some of the flows receive the requested service and the rest do not. Congestion situations can be reduced by increasing network resources or by optimizing their use through better routing techniques, but...

The evolution and growing dissemination of the wireless Internet as well as the considerable usage heterogeneity introduced by new fields of applications, raise the need for intelligent resource management in future wireless networks. This necessity is urgent as state-of-the-art wireless resource management is mostly (1) unaware of the Internet applications in the network, (2) enables best effo...

BACKGROUND/AIMS The local excision of early colorectal cancer is limited by the presence of lymph node metastasis (LNM). Signet-ring cell carcinomas (SRC) and mucinous adenocarcinomas (MAC) are two relatively infrequent histological subtypes. However, little is known about the predictors of LNM and prognosis to support the feasibility of local excision in early-stage SRC and MAC. METHODS The ...

Using the examples of wave and vector diagrams, we study conditions for appearance components inactive power in an AC network, which are known as reactive distortion power. It is shown that active, mutually orthogonal form a balance, can be violated mainly due to methodological errors calculating these under non-stationary mode parameters. established interaction occurs at instantaneous level, ...

PURPOSE To retrospectively analyze results of concurrent chemoradiotherapy (CCRT) using gemcitabine (GEM) for unresectable pancreatic adenocarcinoma. METHODS AND MATERIALS Records of 108 patients treated with concurrent external beam radiotherapy (EBRT) and GEM were reviewed. The median dose of EBRT in all 108 patients was 50.4 Gy (range, 3.6-60.8 Gy), usually administered in conventional fra...

A diode rectifier-modular multilevel converter AC/DC hub (DR-MMC Hub) is proposed to integrate offshore wind power the onshore DC network and production platforms (e.g., oil/gas hydrogen plants) with different voltage levels. The DR MMCs are connected in parallel at AC collection power, series terminals of platform network. Compared conventional parallel-connected DR-MMC HVDC systems, reduces r...

This work presents a new control method to track the maximum power point of a grid-connected photovoltaic (PV) system. A backstepping controller is designed to be applied to a buck-boost DC-DC converter in order to achieve an optimal PV array output voltage. This nonlinear control is based on Lyapunov functions assuring the local stability of the system. Control reference voltages are initially...

Considering the advantages of DC microgrids, the extension of the conventional AC distribution grid can be implemented using a DC microgrid. This justifies the realization of a hybrid AC/DC microgrid. In the present study, a new global solution is presented to improve the power quality and to fully compensate the reactive power of an AC microgrid using DC bus capacity while introducing a new de...

A Neural Network based AC-AC voltage restorer is proposed for voltage sags and PWM type active power filter is used for voltage harmonics compensation and EMI reduction. The objective is to apply the neural network switching control technique to the AC-AC voltage restorer to reduce time delays during the switching conditions and switching losses. The aim of the IGBTs used in the AC-AC voltage r...