______________ 1See Appendix A for a list of the Department of Defense Directives (DoDDs) relevant to continuity of government activities. 2See Federation of American Scientists, 1999a. Press interest in federal COG programs increased after the cold war. See Emerson (1989) and Gup (1991, 1992). 3Article IV, Section 4, of the Constitution seems to provide the constitutional authority for milita...

Feminism, as a social uprising, today is being considered by many thinkers and researchers. Proponents of this tendency believe that women are discriminated because of their sex and state they have certain needs that are not fulfilled in the society by governmental administrations. Therefore, fundamental changes must be made in the social, economic and political system to achieve females’ basic...

this paper reviews the relationship between the rule of law, good governance, and sustainable development as those terms are used by the relevant development organizations; describes the efforts made by various organizations to promote the rule of law and good governance; and addresses the need to strengthen compliance and enforcement for sustainable development. a recent movement, which has re...

The United States Constitution, as amended, is a complex legal document which sets out the structure of the federal government, the legal authorities of that government (and, to a lesser extent, state governments), and, finally, a series of legal disabilities on the exercise of those authorities (such as protections for individual rights). The document also addresses the complicated legal relat...

For several years now, the Supreme Court has disquieted observers and commentators by reasserting the presence of constitutional limitations on national power resulting from the federal structure of the American political system. Although not quite amounting to a revolution in American constitutional law, the recent federalism cases are nonetheless striking. They are, of course, most remarkable...

structure and function of socio – economic systems present different spatial effects in different countries of the world. in this study, structure and function of social and economical systems is analyzed to identify of changes within urban spatial structure. in tehran, effects of political and economic factor is analyzed for identification of changes of its spatial structure and its periphery ...