Three thousand nine hundred and thirty-two consecutive newborns were examined at birth for the presence of congenital malformations. The overall incidence of malformations was 1.2%. Congenital malformations accounted for 9.2% of perinatal and 12.8% of neonatal deaths. The central nervous system (39.5%) was most commonly involved followed by musculoskeletal system (14.5%). Involvement of more th...

this one year retrospective study was conducted in mirza kuchak khan maternity hospital, tehran, 1989-1990, to compare complications of pregnancy in adolescent (below 20 years old ) and young adult (20-24 years old) mothers. the results were as follows: 14.4% of all the deliveries during the period of study were adolescent mothers. the proportions of the following complications were higher in t...

Although children's provision of family assistance is a common routine, little is understood about the day-to-day variability that may exist in children's assistance behaviors. Guided by a family systems framework, the current study examined whether Mexican American adolescents' provision of family assistance was contingent on daily maternal need. Adolescents (N = 354, 49% males, Mage = 14.96 y...

Introduction: Exclusive breastfeeding is the simplest and healthiest infant feeding method that, directly or by extraction, uses only breast milk with exception to drops syrups containing vitamins, mineral supplements medicines. This practice helpprevents malnutrition among toddlers provide essential dietary values for subsequent growth development, especially in first 6 months. However, Matara...

BACKGROUND Chocolate contains several biologically active components potentially having behavioral and psychological consequences. AIMS We tested whether chocolate consumption and stress experiences during pregnancy predict mother-rated infant temperament at 6 months. DESIGN AND SUBJECTS Prenatal frequency of chocolate consumption and intensity of psychological stress experience of the moth...

Background: Obesity, abdominal surgery, and intrathecal opioids are all factors associated with a risk for respiratory compromise. The aim of this explorative trial was to study the apnoea/hypopnea index 1st postoperative night in obese mothers having had caesarean section (CS) in spinal anaesthesia with a combination of bupivacaine/morphine and fentanyl. Methods: Consecutive obese (BMI >30 kg/...

In this study, changes in three conflict resolution styles in parent-adolescent relationships were investigated: positive problem solving, conflict engagement, and withdrawal. Questionnaires about these conflict resolution styles were completed by 314 early adolescents (M = 13.3 years; 50.6% girls) and both parents for four consecutive years. Adolescents' reported use of positive problem solvin...

Exclusive breastfeeding was the providing breast milk (ASI) without any food or drinks other than milk, except for drugs, vitamins, mineral drops. Most mothers often experience problems in implementing exclusive breastfeeding. These were some of factors causing low newborns. One main reasons provision community is unsmooth production. Rooming-in concept care to increase The purpose determine co...

Infection of peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMNCs) has been demonstrated to be a crucial event in the vertical transmission of viruses, and it is known that hepatitis C virus (HCV) can infect PBMNCs. The relationship between vertical transmission of HCV and the presence of positive and negative strands of HCV-RNA in the PBMNCs of HCV-carrier mothers was investigated using reverse transcri...

This study examines factors affecting weaning pattern of mothers residing in Shiraz(Iran).A cohort of 329 mothers who gave birth at the 14 maternity clinics of shiraz during two consecutive weeks in 1996 were selected randomly.mothers were visited 11 times at home during 2 years post delivery and their breast feeding performance and its associatef factors were examined closely.mother,s knowledg...