where S(0, x) is the Schwinger line needed to make Ci(x) gauge–invariant and Γ are the sixteen independent matrices of the Clifford’s algebra acting on the Dirac indices a, b. The trace in (1) is taken with respect to the colour indices. Making use of T,P invariance one can prove that all the correlators (1) vanish, except those with Γ = 1 (“scalar” nonlocal condensate) and with Γ = γ E and μ i...

Non-compact three-dimensional QED is studied by computer simulations to understand its chiral symmetry breaking features for N f ≥ 2, on lattice volumes up to 50 3 and bare masses as low as m 0 a = 0.0000625. We compute the chiral condensate, scalar and pseudoscalar susceptibilities, and the masses of scalar and pseudoscalar mesons. Finite volume effects and discretisation artifacts are careful...

Abstract—A bidirectional high gain four-element printed dipole array for WLAN (2.4/5.8GHz) applications is analyzed and successfully implemented in this paper. Each element used is a double-side printed dipole fed with a balance twin-lead transmission line. A wide-band balun is implemented for the dipole array. Both simulated and measured data are pretty matched. According to the measured resul...

We consider the evolution and dissipation of vortex rings in a condensate at nonzero temperatures in the context of the classical field approximation, based on the defocusing nonlinear Schrödinger equation. The temperature in such a system is fully determined by the total number density and the number density of the condensate. The collisions with noncondensed particles reduce the radius of a v...

With the use of the world-line formalism, the heavy-quark condensate in the SU(N)-QCD is evaluated for the cases when the next-to-1/r term in the quark-antiquark potential at short distances is either quadratic, or linear. In the former case, the standard QCD-sum-rules result is reproduced, while the latter result is a novel one. Explicitly, it is UV-finite only in less than four dimensions. Th...

We compute, in SU(3) pure gauge theory, the vacuum expectation value (vev) of the operator which creates a Z3 vortex wrapping the lattice through periodic boundary conditions (dual Polyakov line). The technique used is the same already tested in the SU(2) case. The dual Polyakov line proves to be a good disorder parameter for confinement, and has a similar behaviour to the monopole condensate. ...

With the use of the world-line formalism, the heavy-quark condensate in the SU(N)-QCD is evaluated for the cases when the next-to-1/r term in the quark-antiquark potential at short distances is either quadratic, or linear. In the former case, which takes place in the stochastic vacuum model, the standard QCD-sum-rules result is reproduced. In the other case, the condensate turns out to be UV-fi...

We study the two transverse quadrupole modes of a cigar-shaped Bose-Einstein condensate with a single centered vortex. We show that the counterrotating mode is more strongly damped than in the absence of a vortex, whereas the corotating mode is not affected appreciably by the vortex. We interpret this result as a decay of the counterrotating quadrupole mode into two excitations of the vortex li...