To keep in tune with market demand, consultancies are constantly involved in ‘new concept development’. Therefore, these knowledge entrepreneurs seek to ‘sense incipient preferences’ among their clients. However, little is known about how the results of such ‘sensing processes’ are translated into new concepts. Drawing on market orientation literature and longitudinal case study data, this pape...

The articles of Walter (2013) and Stier (2013) refer to some central problems of philosophy regarding the concept of disease. Among them are the questions whether psychiatric diseases exist at all, how they are to be distinguished from mere problems of everyday life, which underlying theoretical concept of disease is assumed, and what kind of normativity— if any—is associated with their definit...

A goal of all instruction is to efficiently allocate time spent teaching -- balancing redundancy that enhances learning with redundancy that is irrelevant to increasing student understanding. Efficient allocation of time allows the instructor to present additional material and go into more detail about the information being presented. Here we borrow laboratory research on concept formation and ...

An 8-to-I2-month-old infant, having found an object hidden at a first location (A), will frequently continue to search at the A location when the object is moved, in full view of the infant, to a second location (B)and hidden there. In Piaget's (1954) theory of the way in which children acquire knowledge of the external world through actions, the occurrence of such AS(or Stage IV) search errors...

Susan Carey's account of Quinean bootstrapping has been heavily criticized. While it purports to explain how important new concepts are learned, many commentators complain that it is unclear just what bootstrapping is supposed to be or how it is supposed to work. Others allege that bootstrapping falls prey to the circularity challenge: it cannot explain how new concepts are learned without pres...

3 At Rice University, we have used an unusual approach to introducing fundamental chemical concepts in the introductory General Chemistry course. New concepts are developed through inductive reasoning in a series of case studies. These are designed to complement an interactive or " Socratic " classroom technique, in which the focus is on active intellectual engagement of students in a discussio...

The current study examined whether pigeons could learn to use abstract concepts as the basis for conditionally switching behavior as a function of time. Using a mid-session reversal task, experienced pigeons were trained to switch from matching-to-sample (MTS) to non-matching-to-sample (NMTS) conditional discriminations within a session. One group had prior training with MTS, while the other ha...

different cultural assumptions of “selfhood” in east and west cultures provide the individuated self-concept in west and collective self-concept in east, which in turn influence how individuals judge their well-being and mental health. while discussing how culture influences formation of self-concept, this paper examines the relationship between cultural pattern of collectivism and self-esteem ...