It is unknown whether and to what extent cognitive individual differences may play different roles in paper versus computer-based second language (L2) writing. This exploratory study a first attempt explore this issue, focusing on the effects of working memory aptitude quality L2 writing performance. Forty-two Spanish learners English performed problem-solving task either digitally or paper, to...

Abstract Linguistic performance elicited by language tasks has generally been operationalized in terms of complexity, accuracy, and fluency (CAF). However, this study argues that assessment L2 proficiency is impossible without taking into account the adequacy efficacy performance. To end, we developed a rating scale for measuring functional (FA). In order to investigate validity, reliability, a...

Task  repetition  is  now  considered  as  an  important  task-based  implementation  variable  which can affect complexity, accuracy, and fluency of L2 speech. However, in order to move towards theorizing  the  role  of  task  repetition  in  second  language  acquisition,  it  is  necessary  that individual variables be taken into account. The present study aimed to investigate the way task r...

Students at the Department of Scandinavian Studies begin their studies without prior knowledge Danish / Norwegian Swedish, so intensive emphasis is given to language acquisition in first year. Our research based on processing results a written basic exam (A2 level) from last eight years.
 The aim find an answer questions which areas cause greatest challenges and what methods can be used ov...

Recently tasks, as the basic units of syllabi, and the cognitive complexity, as the criterion for sequencing them, have caught many second language researchers’ attention. This study sought to explore the effect of utilizing the cognitively simple and complex tasks on high- and low-proficient EFL Iranian writers’ linguistic performance, i.e., fluency, accuracy, lexical complexity, and structura...

Many English as a foreign language (EFL) learners worldwide spend hours playing commercial-off-the-shelf massively multiplayer online games. They engage in multitude of different interactions with the game environment and possibly other gamers, using predominant medium communication. This raises question whether such games improves these learners’/gamers’ speaking performance over time. Drawing...

The main purpose of the present quasi-experimental study was twofold; its first purpose was to investigate the effects of using of two approaches namely; genre and process on EFL learners’ accuracy, fluency, and complexity in written task production. Secondly, it attempted to investigate the effects of mentioned approaches on EFL learners’ attitude toward writing skill. to this end, 60 learners...