PURPOSE Prostate-specific membrane antigen (PSMA) is an attractive target for active immunotherapy. Alphavirus vaccines have shown promise in eliciting immunity to tumor antigens. This study investigated the immunogenicity of alphavirus vaccine replicon particles (VRP) that encode PSMA (PSMA-VRP). EXPERIMENTAL DESIGN Cells were infected with PSMA-VRP and evaluated for PSMA expression and fola...

Editorial The Vehicle Routing Problem (VRP) is a key to efficient transportation management and supply-chain coordination. In broad terms, it deals with the optimal assignment of a set of transportation orders to a fleet of vehicles, and the sequencing of stops for each vehicle. The VRP has a large number of real-life applications and comes in many guises, depending on the type of operation, th...

Small non-coding RNAs (sRNAs) are emerging regulatory elements in bacteria. The Vibrio cholerae sRNA VrrA has previously been shown to down-regulate outer membrane proteins (OmpA and OmpT) and biofilm matrix protein (RbmC) by base-pairing with the 5' region of the corresponding mRNAs. In this study, we present an additional target of VrrA in V. cholerae, the mRNA coding for the ribosome binding...

The Vehicle Routing Problem (VRP) requires the determination of an optimal set of routes for a set of vehicles to serve a set of customers. We deal here with the Capacitated Vehicle Routing Problem (CVRP) where there is a maximum weight or volume that each vehicle can load. We developed an Ant Colony algorithm (ACO) for the CVRP based on the metaheuristic technique introduced by Colorni, Dorigo...

In the well-known Vehicle Routing Problem (VRP), a set of identical vehicles, based at a central depot, is to be optimally routed to supply customers with known demands subject to vehicle capacity constraints. An important variant of the VRP arises when a fleet of vehicles characterized by different capacities and costs, is available for distribution activities. The problem is known as the Mixe...

The aim of this paper is to propose a new heuristic for the Periodic Vehicle Routing Problem (PVRP) without time windows. The PVRP extends the classical Vehicle Routing Problem to a planning horizon of several days. Each customer requires a certain number of visits within this time horizon while there is some flexibility on the exact days of the visits. Hence, one has to choose the visit days f...

Pea (Pisum sativum L.) is moderately tolerant to salinity, early vegetative stage being more sensitive salinity. In view of this, twenty pea genotypes collected from IIVR, Varanasi were screened for salt tolerance in terms physiological and biochemical traits. The experiment was conducted randomized complete block design pots filled with soil (EC 20.47 dS/m) 3 replications. Osmotic stress creat...

Recombinant human-interferon-gamma (rH-IFN-gamma) and verapamil (VRP), either alone or in combination, were evaluated in MTT assay for their modification effects on adriamycin-induced cytotoxicity against MKN-45, human stomach adenocarcinoma cells. VRP as a single agent did not inhibit the survival of MKN-45 at doses of up to 5.0 micrograms/ml. The survival of MKN-45 was inhibited by rH-IFN-gam...

We evaluated the immunogenicity of virus-like replicon particles (VRP) derived from an attenuated strain of the alphavirus Venezuelan equine encephalitis virus, encoding two pre-erythrocytic Plasmodium yoelii antigens, in mice. Three immunizing doses were superior to two, and the subcutaneous route was comparable to intramuscular and more immunogenic than intradermal, at doses between 5x10 5 5x...

Energy consumption is a key issue in mobile ad hoc networks.To reduce the energy consumption of the network interface, it is necessary to turn it off, immediately affecting the routing protocols. Therefore, routing protocols and energy saving algorithms must be designed to work within each other. This article presents the use of energy management, using the load balance technique with single pa...