Abstract The common-ratio effect and the Allais Paradox (common-consequence effect) are two best‐known violations of Expected Utility Theory. We reexamine data from 39 articles reporting experiments (143 designs/parameterizations, 14,909 observations) find that is systematically affected by experimental design implementation choices. more likely to be observed in with a low factor, high ratio m...

For as long there have been theories about common knowledge, they exposed to a certain amount of skepticism. Recent more sophisticated arguments question whether agents can acquire attitudes and are needed in social reasoning. I argue that this skepticism arises from assumptions practical reasoning that, considered themselves, at worst implausible best controversial. A proper approach the acqui...

To evaluate the effects of treating or supplementing common reed (Phragmites australis) with 2% urea on intake, nutrient apparent digestibility, and blood metabolites, fifteen Baluchi rams (35.4±2.3 kg body weight) were used in a completely randomized design. Treatments were as follows: 1) common reed, 2) common reed supplemented with 2% urea solution at feeding, and 3) common reed tre...

Since most colds are self-limiting, symptoms will usually resolve on their own in seven to ten days. For the majority of patients, treatment is symptomatic and targeted at the most bothersome symptoms. Specific nonprescription therapy may relieve cold symptoms but should be used with caution, especially in at-risk patient populations. Patients should monitor for worsening symptoms, and progress...