As information technology (IT) becomes more accessible, sustaining any competitive advantage from it becomes challenging. This has caused some critics to dismiss IT as a less valuable resource. We argue that, in addition to being able to generate strategic advantage, IT should also be viewed as a strategic necessity that prevents competitive disadvantage in rapidly changing business environment...

Research on credit risk management systems in Indonesia commercial banks beyond moderating contingency variables such as competitive strategy, corporate culture, external environment and organizational structure has never been done. The research objectives are: (1) to analyze the influence of contingency variables (competitive strategy, corporate culture, external environment and organizational...

Embryo transfer (ET) in Holstein dairy cattle became an important commercial enterprise after the introduction of non-surgical recovery technique. Embryo transfer could increase the reproductive rate of genetically superior cows. The objectives of the present study were to evaluate the use of ET in Iranian Holstein dairy cattle to increase selection intensity on the dam side, economically; esti...

To distribute software, commercial firms have the opportunity to use some dual licensing strategy i.e. to provide their software under two different licensing terms (proprietary and open source). In this paper, we investigate the relevance and impacts of such distribution strategy in the presence of an already existing open source software. In this competitive setting, we determine in which con...

Abstract Subsistent/semi commercial farmers were very slow to adopt the new technology of maize cultivation, although introduction could be done by farmers, economies and compatible with farmer’s socio-culture. Generally, that was caused need high inputs (i.e. superior seed varieties, fertilizer, pesticides), other sides orientation cultivation subsistent/semi for food security, limited money b...

INTRODUCTION Business use of modern computers started in the 1950s. Since then, IT has progressed through a series of hardware, software and applications improvements, delivering more value to individuals , firms, and organizations for lower cost. Productivity improvement (efficiency), at both the individual and organizational levels, has been a major focus. As well, firms have learned how to g...