Current vaccination strategies for commercial poultry using live attenuated and inactivated Newcastle disease (ND) vaccines have some limitation and difficulties, and new vaccines with distinct features are needed. Recently, in ovo vaccination technology is concerned as a safe, efficacious, and convenient method. Common ND vaccines used in chickens cannot be employed in ovo due to embryo toxici...

newcastle disease (nd) is one of the most serious illnesses of chickens. live vaccines are widely used to prevent chicken from the disease all over the world. to access the effective and potentiate nd vaccine, a homogenous subpopulation from lasota strain was selected following cultivation of the virus on primary chicken embryofibroblast (cef) cells. pathogenicity indices and molecular characte...

280 Characterization of infectious bronchitis virus isolates from backyard flocks. AAAP abstract † 281 Recombination in avian gamma-coronavirus infectious bronchitis virus (IBV). 282 Evaluation of possible interference between Arkansas and Massachusetts vaccine serotypes. AAAP abstract † 283 Interactions between multivalent attenuated live infectious bronchitis virus (IBV) vaccines in one-day-o...

This study aimed to investigate the immunogenicity of Newcastle disease virus (NDV) in specificpathogen-free (SPF) chickens. The NDV was inactivated using either Binary ethyleneimine (BEI) or Electrolysed water-Catholyte-Anolyte (ECA). Complete inactivation of NDV occurred after 24 hours with either BEI or ECA. Prepared inactivated NDV vaccines were tested for their efficiency in generating hum...

Vaccination programs to control Newcastle disease include use of low virulent live virus vaccines or inactivated vaccines to induce protective immunity. In order to further characterize the immune response elicited by live virus, we evaluated both cellular and humoral immune response to Newcastle disease virus (NDV) consequent to vaccine application by oculonasal and intranasal routes. Specific...

BACKGROUND Highly pathogenic avian influenza virus (HPAIV) causes a highly contagious often fatal disease in poultry, resulting in significant economic losses in the poultry industry. HPAIV H5N1 also poses a major public health threat as it can be transmitted directly from infected poultry to humans. One effective way to combat avian influenza with pandemic potential is through the vaccination ...

Strains of Newcastle disease virus (NDV) can be separated into genotypes based on genome differences even though they are antigenically considered to be of a single serotype. It is widely recognized that an efficacious Newcastle disease (ND) vaccine made with any NDV does induce protection against morbidity and mortality from a virulent NDV challenge. However, those ND vaccines do not protect v...

Infectious bronchitis (IB) is a major threat to the global poultry industry. Despite availability of commercial vaccines, IB epidemic has not been effectively controlled. The exploration novel IBV vaccines may provide new way prevent and control IB. In this study, BLP-S1, bacterium-like particle displaying S1 subunit infectious virus (IBV), was constructed using GEM-PA surface display system. i...

mucosal surfaces of the body provide a universal entry portal for all known and emerging infectious pathogenic microbes. therefore, it seems that special vaccination strategies are needed for vaccines that can hinder the entry capability of pathogenic microbes through the mucosal surfaces. lactic acid bacteria are widely used in the food industry and are presently applied as delivery vehicles i...