abstract background: natural delivery is the most painful event that women experience in their lifetime. that is why labor pain relief has long been as one of the most important issues in the field of midwifery. thus, the present study aims to explore the perception of primiparous mothers on comfortable resources for labor pain. materials and methods: in the present study, qualitative content a...

In the past, laboratory rabbits have usually been kept singly in small cages that provide neither social nor environmental enrichment, and frequently the cages have been too small to permit some normal behaviors such as sitting up on the hind legs, hopping, digging, and hiding. Stereotypical bar licking or chewing, pawing at the corners of the cage, psychogenic polydipsia, and excessive self-gr...