Meridian essence has been investigated through anatomy, electrophysiology, biophysics, and biochemistry. Various hypotheses of meridian essence exist, but no hypothesis can truly reflect the internal character of Chinese medicine (CM). The research of meridian essence requires a holistic viewpoint and innovative awareness. Initially, any hypothesis regarding meridian essence should begin with o...

We analyze the implications of having a divergent speed of sound in k-essence cosmological models. We first study a known theory of that kind, for which the Lagrangian density depends linearly on the time derivative of the k-field. We show that consistency requires that the potential of the k-field be of the inverse square form. Then, we review the known result that the corresponding power-law ...

Single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) are an abundant form of genome variation, distinguished from rare variations by a requirement for the least abundant allele to have a frequency of 1% or more. A wide range of genetics disciplines stand to benefit greatly from the study and use of SNPs. The recent surge of interest in SNPs stems from, and continues to depend upon, the merging and coincident...

Almost half a century after the first reports describing the limited replicative potential of primary cells in culture, there is now overwhelming evidence for the existence of "cellular senescence" in vivo. It is being recognized as a critical feature of mammalian cells to suppress tumorigenesis, acting alongside cell death programs. Here, we review the various features of cellular senescence a...

This paper presents a propositional version of Kit Fine’s (quantified) logic for essentialist statements, provides it with a semantics, and proves the former adequate (i.e. sound and complete) with respect to the latter.

As community attitudes change, healthcare costs and adverse events spiral, and evidence accumulates, the healthcare system is steadily recognizing the importance of moving towards more holistic and wellness-based models. Such models reduce costs and lead to better therapeutic outcomes. The ‘ESSENCE of Health’ is the basis for the Health Enhancement Program (HEP) taught as core curriculum for al...

Convolutional Neural Networks (CNNs) are often used to extract a lower-dimensional feature descriptor from images. Though they have recently been deployed successfully to solve tasks in computer vision such as semantic segmentation, image reconstruction or depth understanding, the inner workings of CNNs are still subject to current research. Recent research to better understand features learned...

The idea that aging is a purposeful, programmed series of events is intuitively appealing based on its many conserved aspects and the demonstrated feasibility of modifying life span by manipulating single genes or pathways. Yet, the case for a nonadaptive basis of aging is strong and now all but generally accepted in the field. Here, we briefly review why the case for programmed aging is weak, ...