This paper investigates the notion of subgoals as used in plans in cognitive agent programming languages. These subgoals form an abstract representation of more concrete courses of action or plans. Subgoals can have a procedural interpretation (directly linked to a concrete plan) or a declarative one (the state to be reached as represented by the subgoal is taken into account). We propose a for...

This paper presents a new approach to the semantics of spatial degree and comparison (gradation) expressions (e.g., 2m less long than). Taking a broad cognitive science perspective, results of different research fields are combined into a cognitive framework for the ‘semantics of gradation’ (Bierwisch 1989). A distinction between implicitly and explicitly represented aspects of space will be ma...

Leonard Talmy’s cognitive semantics (Talmy 2000a, 2000b) is analyzed here in the light of the recent findings of attentional semantics (Marchetti, 2003, 2005). Talmy’s cognitive semantics is founded on the main assumption that language is a major cognitive system in its own right, distinct from the other major ones (perception, reasoning, affect, attention, memory, cultural structure, and motor...

 Language -> World a. Extensional: Tarskian model theory i. Proposition -> Truth Value I(P(c)) = true iff c ∈ P = {x1,...,xn} b. Intensional: i. Proposition -> Possible Worlds -> Truth Values Vw(P(c)) = true iff c ∈ P = {x1,...,xn} in world w c. Problems: i. Does not involve language users ii. Does not explain how users “grasp” meanings iii. Requires truth function that does not adequately acc...

One of the modern paradigms to develop an application is object oriented analysis and design. In this paradigm, there are several objects and each object plays some specific roles in applications. In an application, we must distinguish between procedural semantics and declarative semantics for their implementation in a specific programming language. For the procedural semantics, we can write a ...

The article deals with the semantic analysis of verbs blame (brawl, castigate, condemn, curse, damn, lecture, rate, rebuke, reprehend, reprimand, reproach, reprobate, reprove, row, strafe, swear, trounce) in perspective semantics, as well etymology. In accordance dominant cross-disciplinary approach to linguistic research, semantics under study is analyzed correlation relevant extra-linguistic ...

We introduce an expressive yet semantically clean core Java-like language, Java Jr., and provide it with a formal operational semantics based on traces of observable actions which represent interaction across package boundaries. A detailed example based on the Observer Pattern is used to demonstrate the intuitive character of the semantic model. We also show that our semantic trace equivalence ...

The cognitive approach to the analysis of lexical meaning words makes it possible explain complex semantic structures linguistic units by means identifying models and mechanisms. These constructs underlie formation both literary non-literary meanings words. Somatic vocabulary, i. e. naming parts human body, is particular interest linguists, as clearly demonstrates effect one main postulates lin...

Geospatial semantics is a broad field that involves a variety of research areas. The term semantics refers to the meaning of things, and is in contrast with the term syntactics. Accordingly, studies on geospatial semantics usually focus on understanding the meaning of geographic entities as well as their counterparts in the cognitive and digital world, such as cognitive geographic concepts and ...