background: magnetic resonance imaging (mri) has improved the diagnosis and management of patients with multiple sclerosis (ms). montreal cognitive assessment (moca) is a brief, sensitive test that has been recommended by national institute of neurological diseases and stroke and canadian stroke network (ninds-csn) as a reliable tool to detect mild cognitive impairments. this study aimed to eva...

Cognitive deficits in brain tumors are generally thought to be relatively mild and non-specific, although recent evidence challenges this notion. One possibility is that cognitive screening tools are being used to assess cognitive functions but their sensitivity to detect cognitive impairment may be limited. For improved sensitivity to recognize mild and/or focal cognitive deficits in brain tum...

Despite much theoretical support, meta-analysis of the efficacy of formative assessment does not provided empirical evidence commensurate with expectations. This theoretical study suggests that teachers need a better organizing structure to allow a formative assessment process to live up to its promise. We propose that the use of learning map systems can provide that structure, and we describe ...