Identification of Escherichia coli and Salmonella sp. In Several Plantation Products, the aim is to explain results identification test E. on plantation products. The research was carried out with 4 treatments 2 replications. Each replication consisted 5 dilutions. used were cocoa powder, compost, water lettuce in selective growing media (EMBA SSA). parameters observed see whether there or that...

Cocoa and cocoa products have received much attention due to their significant polyphenol contents. Cocoa and cocoa products, namely cocoa liquor, cocoa powder and chocolates (milk and dark chocolates) may present varied polyphenol contents and possess different levels of antioxidant potentials. For the past ten years, at least 28 human studies have been conducted utilizing one of these cocoa p...

Land, trees, and women : evolution of land tenure institutions in western Ghana and Sumatra / Agnes R. Quisumbing. .. [et al.]. Contents Tables v Figures vii Foreword ix Acknowledgments xi Summary xiii 1. Issues and Motivation for Policy Analysis 1 2. Tables 3.1. Land-use pattern, farm size, and person–land ratio in 1997 in selected villages in Ghana 27 3.2. Distribution of currently adopted in...

The determination of the occurrence and level of cocoa shells in cocoa products and chocolate is an important analytical issue. The recent European Union directive on cocoa and chocolate products (2000/36/EC) has not retained the former limit of a maximum amount of 5% of cocoa shells in cocoa nibs (based on fat-free dry matter), previously authorized for the elaboration of cocoa products such a...

Abstract Cocoa has become the leading export commodity from plantation sector. The Increasing of cocoa production results in increase shell waste amount. utilization is still very limited. benefit that this contains secondary metabolites can be used as antimicrobial agents. One products produced liquid smoke. This study was focused determining activity and minimum kill concentration smoke on gr...

There is still great potential for the development of cocoa plants in Kabupaten Bireuen a opportunity to improve agribusiness sustainable, one them through institutional roles. However, government has several problems running system starting from upstream subsystem support services. Problems and farming, namely farmers have not been able fully implement frequent harvest system, pruning, sanitiz...

The coiled-coil coactivator (CoCoA) is a transcriptional coactivator for nuclear receptors and enhances nuclear receptor function by the interaction with the bHLH-PAS domain (AD3) of p160 coactivators. The C-terminal activation domain (AD) of CoCoA possesses strong transactivation activity and is required for the coactivator function of CoCoA with nuclear receptors. To understand how CoCoA AD t...

Cocoa (Theobroma cacao L.) is a plantation commodity that plays an important role in Indonesia’s economic activities and potential foreign exchange earner. One of the biggest obstacles growing Indonesia attack cocoa pod-sucking pests (Helopeltis theivora Waterhouse). The aim this study to obtain effective concentration betel nut control fruit-sucking Waterhouse) plants laboratory. research was ...

An inverse relation exists between intake of flavonoid-rich foods, such as cocoa, and cardiovascular-related mortality. Favorable effects of flavonoids on the endothelium may underlie these associations. We performed a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled study to test the hypothesis that acute cocoa ingestion dose dependently increases endothelium-dependent vasodilation, as measured by...