Mining of coal (fossil fuel) resources in Enugu resulted groundwater pollution/depletion and left the mine site with potentials air pollution, loss landscape/aesthetic degradation soil contamination. Other Environmental impacts were extensive damage, alteration microbial communities affecting vegetation leading to destruction vast amounts land displacement dwellers. Reclamation is process resto...

Abandoned coal mine spoils can result in severe pollution and have aesthetic on the local environment. A range of reclamation techniques is available for substrate but only through the use of vegetation to stabilize coal mine spoils can complete long-term rehabilitation be achieved. Experimentation has been undertaken at coal mine sites to attempt to elucidate and overcome limitations to vegeta...

The Appalachian region of USA hosts diverse forests and abundant high-quality coal reserves. Surface mining methods are often used for coal extraction. Because common reclamation methods in past years have not restored forest vegetation, surface mining has created a diverse land base. Although some mined lands have been placed into managed uses, most have not. Little is known about the extent a...

Current EU policy will force a significant reduction of hard coal mines in the near future due to environmental restrictions. There are also numerous non-coal underground that be excavated next few years. Taking above into consideration, it is worth starting plan further steps terms reclamation these facilities. Within this manuscript, both recently used and novel approaches space have been rev...

The characteristics of minesoils on abandoned mine land (AML) often dictate which plant species will invade and establish from nearby undisturbed areas. This study measured physical and chemical minesoil properties on 15 AML sites in northern West Virginia and matched these properties to vegetation cover. Fifteen sites ranging in age from 13 to 35 yr old were selected from three surface-mined c...