The activation of cardiovascular reflexes for postural adaptation questions whether, in healthy humans, the central blood volume is optimised to support the upright position. A functional definition of an 'optimal circulating volume' that provides the heart with enough central blood volume to establish a maximal cardiac output (CO) and mixed venous oxygen saturation (S(v,O2)) at rest was evalua...

We have studied the accuracy of blood volume measurements using carbon monoxide (CO)-labelled haemoglobin (COHb) injection and dilution (CO method) by comparing changes in red cell volume (RCV) measured using the CO method and 51Cr-labelled erythrocyte dilution (51Cr method) in a haemorrhage and infusion model in rabbits. RCV was measured repeatedly using the CO method at four different blood v...

The instantaneous uptake of CO in the lungs was measured with a water-filled body plethysmograph in normal man. First, control measurements of plethysmograph pressure were made while the subject held his breath for 7 sec after breathing gas mixtures prepared to bring his alveolar P(O2) and P(CO2) close to mixed venous levels. Then, CO uptake measurements were made while he held his breath after...

Introduction: Lung cancer is one of the most common causes of cancer-related deaths worldwide. Nowadays PET/CT plays an essential role in radiotherapy planning specially for lung tumors as it provides anatomical and functional information simultaneously that is effective in accurate tumor delineation. The optimal segmentation method has not been introduced yet, however several ...

The generation of high-quality staggered unstructured grids for computational simulation is considered; leading to the development of a new optimisation-based strategy for the construction of weighted ‘RegularPower’ tessellations appropriate for co-volume type numerical techniques. This new framework aims to extend the conventional Delaunay-Voronoi primal-dual structure; seeking to assemble gen...

Stebbings, J. H. (1974). Thorax, 29, 505-510. Fractional carbon monoxide uptake in an employed population. The fractional carbon monoxide uptake in 913 New York City transit workers was studied. A prediction equation for white males, based on nonsmokers, was obtained: fractional CO uptake= 0 58032-0000204 x age+ 0 0004 x weight (kilograms). Weight was the index of body size most strongly correl...

A co-volume scheme is introduced for the rotating shallow water equations, in which both velocity components are specified on cell edges, and the thickness variables evolve on both the primary and the dual cell centers. The scheme applies to generic, conforming and non-orthogonal staggered grids, including the widely used lat-lon quadrilateral grids and the Delaunay-Voronoi tessellations. It ca...

Ever growing competition requires enterprises to aim at increasing the efficiency of their operations. Information technology (IT) is a key instrument to achieve this objective. However, for taking advantage of IT, it is not sufficient to focus on advanced technological infrastructures. Instead, it will usually be required to reorganize the operations, i.e. to redesign business processes and to...

in this paper, we present some inequalities for the co-pi index involving the some topological indices, the number of vertices and edges, and the maximum degree. after that, we give a result for trees. in addition, we give some inequalities for the largest eigenvalue of the co-pi matrix of g.