OBJECTIVES/HYPOTHESIS Heterotopic masses of neuroglial tissue involving non-midline structures, specifically, the middle ear region, are exceptional. The pathogenesis of these lesions and, in particular, their relation to encephaloceles, is uncertain. STUDY DESIGN AND METHODS H&E-stained sections from 15 lesions diagnosed as neuroglial heterotopias or encephaloceles involving the middle ear r...

Experimental allergic encephalomyelitis (EAE) is the principal genetically determined animal model for multiple sclerosis (MS), the major inflammatory disease of the central nervous system (CNS). Although genetics clearly play a role in susceptibility to MS, attempts to identify the underlying genes have been disappointing. Considerable variation exists between MS patients with regard to the se...

Background . Extramedullary infiltration (EI) is relatively common in children with acute myeloid leukemia (AML) (up to 20-25 %). However, its clinical and prognostic significance remains poorly understood. Objective : describe features define of EI AML. Materials methods The subjects retrospective observational study were 228 de novo median age was 6.6 years. All them treated according the pro...

Lymphomatoid granulomatosis is an uncommon disease characterized by a perivascular pleomorphic cellular infiltration and necrosis. CNS involvement occurs in 20% of the cases. CT findings have been described in five of the previously reported cases of CNS lymphomatoid granulomatosis, and include unifocal, multifocal, and diffuse contrast-enhancing supratentorial lesions. We reviewed the CT scans...

Wegener's granulomatosis (WG) classically consists of necrotizing granulomatous inflammation of the upper and/or lower respiratory tract, necrotizing glomerulonephritis, and an autoimmune necrotizing systemic vasculitis affecting predominantly small vessels. We report a case of WG with central nervous system (CNS) involvement. WG is being diagnosed through pulmonary nodule biopsy. A small nodul...

The inherent soft nature of the central nervous system (CNS) renders poor-quality frozen sections. Cytology has been shown to be of great value in intra-operative consultations of CNS pathology. The current study was undertaken to examine the utility of intra-operative consultations regarding CNS lesions, comparing the usefulness and limitations of frozen section and cytology techniques. A retr...

The aim of this study was to compare the efficacy and safety of macrocyclic gadobutrol (1.0 M) with linear gadopentetate dimeglumine (0.5 M) for contrast-enhanced magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) of central nervous system (CNS) lesions in Chinese patients (N = 147) with known or suspected CNS lesions, who were enrolled in this single-blind, randomized, parallel-group study. Three blinded indepe...

Abstract Monocyte recruitment into the central nervous system (CNS) is critical for driving pathology in neuroinflammatory diseases such as MS. The monocytic influx well activation of resident myeloid cells contribute to and subsequent re-activation autoreactive T cells, ultimately leading demyelinating lesions, axonal damage, progressive paralysis. Using murine model MS, experimental autoimmun...

PURPOSE Brain metastases develop in one third of patients with advanced HER2+ breast cancer. Effective therapy for patients with central nervous system (CNS) progression after cranial radiation is extremely limited and represents a major clinical challenge. Lapatinib, an epidermal growth factor receptor/HER2 inhibitor, was associated with regressions of CNS lesions in a small phase 2 trial. The...

incontinentia pigmenti (ip) is a rare x-linked dominant disorder with skin, eye, central nervous system (cns) and tooth abnormalities. according to the reported cases, it is estimated that there have been nearly 900-1200 affected individuals. in this article, the literature is reviewed and a case of ip with characteristic skin lesions and optic atrophy is presented.