Abstract Phytophthora infestans (causal agent of potato late blight) populations are mainly clonal in Great Britain (GB), but sexual reproduction the pathogen leads to emergence novel (non‐clonal) genotypes that may have traits such as new virulence or fungicide insensitivity can make them more challenging control. In this study, spatiotemporal variation diversity P . across GB was mapped and i...

Multicellular organisms can be regenerated from totipotent differentiated somatic cell or nuclear founders [1-3]. Organisms regenerated from clonally related isogenic founders might a priori have been expected to be phenotypically invariant. However, clonal regenerant animals display variant phenotypes caused by defective epigenetic reprogramming of gene expression [2], and clonal regenerant pl...

The dynamics of genetic diversity in large clonally-evolving cell populations are poorly understood, despite having implications for the treatment of cancer and microbial infections. Here, we combine barcode lineage tracking, sequencing of adaptive clones, and mathematical modelling of mutational dynamics to understand diversity changes during experimental evolution. We find that, despite diffe...

shigellosis is one of the important gastrointestinal bacterial infections, particularly among children of developing countries such as iran. antibiotic susceptibility pattern and genetic typing for epidemiological purposes are of significant issues in shigella infectious control. the aim of this study was to investigate the antibiotic susceptibility and genetic relationship among shigella strai...

A particular recurrent clonal type of Escherichia coli O157 has been isolated from multiple clinical, veterinary, food, and environmental sources throughout Scotland since 1989. Significant genotypic variation was detected among isolates from distinct outbreaks, with the presence or absence of single fragments being sufficient to delineate outbreak groups within the clonal type.

Nonadditive genetic variation and genetic disequilibrium are two important factors that influence the evolutionary trajectory of natural populations. We assayed quantitative genetic variation in a temporary-pond-dwelling population of Daphnia pulex over a full season to examine the role of nonadditive genetic variation and genetic disequilibrium in determining the short-term evolutionary trajec...

Asexual reproduction by cloning may affect the genetic structure of populations, their potential to evolve, and, among foundation species, contributions to ecosystem functions. Macroalgae of the genus Fucus are known to produce attached plants only by sexual recruitment. Recently, however, clones of attached plants recruited by asexual reproduction were observed in a few populations of Fucus ra...

Genetic surveys of parthenogenetic vertebrate populations have demonstrated a common pattern of relatively high degrees of clonal variation and the coexistence of numerous clones. In striking contrast, the Phoxinus eos/Phoxinus neogaeus/hybrid gynogen complex of cyprinid fishes exhibits no clonal variation within a northern Minnesota drainage characterized by successional beaver ponds. Gynogens...

The clonal variation in rate of albumin synthesis in hepatoma cells is described as a tool for the study of epigenetic control of differentiation. Previous studies have demonstrated that, from a population of hepatome cells, variant subclones can be readily isolated that produce albumin at different rates. Each clonal variant had a characteristic rate of albumin production, and the clones clust...

Aim Species on islands are at high risk of extinction due to environmental changes, including global warming, land-use alterations and invasions. At local scales, extinctions can be offset by strategies promoting in situ persistence. We explored how persistence-related traits plants—that is, linked belowground resource conservation, growth, size longevity—on edaphic respond variation insularity...