PURPOSE Stroke volume variation (SVV), which is measured by analyzing arterial blood pressure waveform characteristics, is a simple and sensitive indicator of fluid responsiveness. The current retrospective study was to investigate SVV and central venous pressure (CVP) during hepatic resection under clamping of both the infrahepatic inferior vena cava (IVC) and the portal triad. METHODS All h...

INTRODUCTION The cerebral protective effect of xenon anesthesia could be of interest during carotid surgery. The purpose of this study was to compare the effects of xenon on cerebral oxygen saturation with those of propofol during carotid clamping. METHODS After approval of Research Ethics Board and patient informed consent, 74 patients scheduled for carotid endarterectomy were enrolled. Pati...

Objectives: We hypothesized that the organisms and their organs or tissues could adapt themselves to the gradual changes of environment for surviving or reducing damage. This study explored whether gradual clamping (GC) could reduce myocardial ischemia-reperfusion (IR) injury in rat heart. Methods: Twelve rats were randomized to IR group and GC group, then the hearts were isolated and perfused ...

The importance of arterial blood pressure (BP) and ANG II for the renal natriuretic response (NaEx) to volume expansion (3.5% body wt) was investigated during converting enzyme blockade (enalaprilate, 2 mg/kg). In separate experiments, BP was clamped either 30 mm Hg above or a few millimeters mercury below baseline by servo-controlled infusion of ANG II or sodium nitroprusside, respectively, so...

Immediate clamping of the umbilical cord can reduce the red blood cells an infant receives at birth by more than 50%, resulting in potential short-term and long-term neonatal problems. Cord clamping studies from 1980 to 2001 were reviewed. Five hundred thirty-one term infants in the nine identified randomized and nonrandomized studies experienced late clamping, ranging from 3 minutes to cessati...

BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE Many patient monitoring techniques have been used for detecting cerebral hypoperfusion during carotid endarterectomy. We compared middle cerebral artery blood flow velocities with carotid artery stump pressures to evaluate the indications for common carotid artery cross-clamp shunting and the probable hemodynamic causes of cerebrovascular complications. METHODS Blood fl...

BACKGROUND/AIMS The natural polyphenol resveratrol (RSV) has been shown to ameliorate ischemia/reperfusion (I/R)-induced damage. Therefore, a rat model of I/R-induced AKI equipped with intensive monitoring was utilized to examine direct renal protection by RSV in vivo. METHODS AKI was induced by bilateral renal clamping (45 min) followed by reperfusion (3 h). Solvent-free RSV was continuously...

The aim of the present study was to analyze the changes in intra-abdominal pressure in patients undergoing different cardiac procedures with extracorporeal circulation (ECC). Patients and methods: IAP was measured in 100 patients undergoing CABG or valve replacement (VR) with ECC. IAP was measured in the urinary bladder at six measurement points: 1/ just before anaesthesia, 2/ 10 minutes after ...

BACKGROUND Intravenous and inhalational anesthetic agents have differing effects on cerebral hemodynamics: Sevoflurane causes some vasodilation, whereas propofol does not. The authors hypothesized that these differences affect internal carotid artery pressure (ICAP) and the apparent zero flow pressure (critical closing pressure) during carotid endarterectomy. Vasodilation is expected to increas...

NO (nitric oxide) may be involved in fluid homoeostasis. We hypothesized that increases in NO synthesis contribute to acute, saline-induced natriuresis, which, therefore, should be blunted when NO availability is stabilized. Young men were studied during simultaneous infusions of L-NAME [NG-nitro-L-arginine methyl ester; bolus of 750 μg·kg⁻¹ of body weight and 8.3 μg·min⁻¹·kg⁻¹ of body weight] ...