Baltimore’s exclusionary divisions are palpable in the city's long-standing concentration and segregation of its African American population institutions governance. The city is synonymous with carceral governance, or governance via criminal justice system other practices control, which constrains political expression urban citizenship. A focus on period since uprising 2015, triggered by racist...

This paper is a work in progress and comments are welcome. Introduction This paper considers aspects of participation processes in urban regeneration, including the results of case study research into two urban regeneration programmes: the North Belfast Housing Strategy in Northern Ireland, and the Ballymun regeneration initiative in Dublin, Republic of Ireland. The paper begins with a review o...

Communication scholars have articulated the concept of protest paradigm to capture the news media’s tendency to portray social protests as deviant, threatening, or impotent. Developments in the media and social environment have led to more diversified media representations of protests, however. Correspondingly, scholars have started to treat the protest paradigm as a variable. Extending this li...

A supporter of a candidate for office may wish to restrict her power or to send her a message by casting a protest vote against her. A sufficiently large protest may convince the candidate to accept the protesters’ demands after winning the election; however, if the protest is too large then it risks causing the candidate to lose to a disliked opponent. I study a model of protest voting in whic...

This paper illustrates how advocates for gender equity succeeded in influencing the restructuring of the health system in Bangladesh in the mid-1990s but failed to influence its implementation. Using published and unpublished documents and personal interviews, it traces the changing fortunes of health sector reforms and reform advocates from 1995 to 2002 and analyses the major challenges and st...

This article identifies and examines the features of protest events in Ireland in the aftermath of the EU-IMF bailout in order to understand why the patterns of protest in Ireland have not mirrored those in the other EU countries that received bail outs. To identify characteristics of Irish protest I used contemporary newspaper articles to compile a database recording objective features of prot...

one of the characteristics of pecuniary claims at the time of submitting the lawsuit is obligation of the plaintiff to mention the value of relief sought. the amount of relief sought plays a key role in the lawsuit which determines the competent court, the possibility of appeals. basically, the value of relief is determined by the plaintiff which may be protested by the defendant. this protest ...

Three studies examined the hypothesis that system justification is negatively associated with collective protest against ingroup disadvantage. Effects of uncertainty salience, ingroup identification, and disruptive versus nondisruptive protest were also investigated. In Study 1, college students who were exposed to an uncertainty salience manipulation and who scored higher on system justificati...