ABSTRACT: Brazil is the fourth largest exporter of pork worldwide, with its production concentrated in Southern region country. To reduce economic impacts and increase herd health, an efficient diagnosis diseases necessary. The frequency, seasonal, annual distribution that affecting swine nervous system were determined through a retrospective study conducted from 2008 to 2018. A total 231 pigs ...

To evaluate the influence of porcine circovirus type 2 vaccination (PCV-2) on the probability and severity of pneumonia, postmortem findings of 247,505 pigs slaughtered between 2008 and 2011 were analysed by applying a cumulative link mixed model. Three major effects could be observed: (1) PCV-2 vaccination significantly (P<0.01) reduced the odds (coefficient: -0.05) of postmortem findings of m...

Two genomes of a new porcine circovirus type 2 (PCV2) strain associated with cases of perceived failure of PCV2 vaccination were sequenced and analyzed. Based on the genome, this is the first report of this mutant of PCV2b in the United States. The genomic knowledge of this mutant PCV2b will improve understanding of the epidemiology of PCV and potentially inform the development of new and more ...

PCV-2 within- and between-pen transmission was quantified by estimating the daily transmission rate beta and the basic reproduction ratio (R(0)) using a stochastic SEIR (Susceptible, Exposed, Infectious, Removed) model fitted on experimental data. Within-pen transmission was quantified by using four groups of eight SPF (specific pathogen-free) pigs (four infected and four susceptible pigs havin...

A competitive PCR (cPCR) assay was developed for monitoring porcine circovirus (PCV) DNA in serum samples from piglets. The cPCR was based on competitive coamplification of a 502- or 506-bp region of the PCV type 1 (PCV1) or PCV2 ORF2, respectively, with a known concentration of competitor DNA, which produced a 761- or 765-bp fragment, respectively. The cPCR was validated by quantification of a...

Long-term PCV2 infection and/or concurrent infection with genotypes PCV2a and PCV2b may play a role in the development of clinical porcine circovirus-associated disease (PCVAD). To evaluate this premise, 24 11-week-old specific pathogen-free (SPF) pigs were randomly assigned to 1 of 4 treatments: negative controls, a single inoculation with PCV2a, single inoculation followed by re-inoculation w...

Previously, we identified three porcine circovirus type 2 (PCV2) strains in buffalo meat samples from southern China. In this study, we confirmed the reappearance of those buffalo-origin-like PCV2 strains in swine herds in this region, which supported the possible cross-species infection of PCV2 between buffalos and pigs under field conditions.

Vaccination is time consuming and often labor intensive. This study found that porcine circovirus type 2 vaccination of growing pigs could be performed faster using an intradermal, needle-free method compared to the traditional, intramuscular needle without compromising production parameters antimicrobial treatments.

porcine necrotic ear syndrome (pnes) in pigs has been reported as an increasing health problem in many countries with intensive pig farming. the etiology of this disease is complex and the presumed triggering factors can be divided into infectious and non-infectious agents. the present report describes a case of porcine circovirus type 2 (pcv2), infection associated with lesions of pnes at the ...

The replication proteins Rep and Rep' of porcine circovirus type 1 (PCV1) are both capable of introducing and resealing strand discontinuities at the viral origin of DNA replication in vitro underlying genome amplification by rolling-circle replication. The PCV1 origin of replication encompasses the minimal binding site (MBS) of the Rep and Rep' proteins and an inverted repeat with the potentia...