Metabolic demands of early lactation introduce enormous challenges to dairy cows when coincided with environmental stresses. The objective of this study was to determine effects of a chromium (Cr) supplement on feed intake and blood indicators of nutrient metabolism in early lactation cows in summer. Fifteen Holstein cows at 38±6 days in milk were grouped based on parity and randomly assigned t...

Dietary restriction (DR), such as calorie restriction (CR) or methionine (Met) restriction, extends the lifespan of diverse model organisms. Although studies have identified several metabolites that contribute to the beneficial effects of DR, the molecular mechanism underlying the key metabolites responsible for DR regimens is not fully understood. Here we show that stimulating S-adenosyl-l-met...

Although less famous than low-spin trivalent cobalt found in [CoIII(NH3)6?xClx]Cl3?x (x ? 3), which was exploited by Alfred Werner during the early part of 20th century for establishing basic rules coordination chemistry, related chromium complexes exhibit comparable kinetic inertness, a rare property along 3d-transition series. The associated slow isomerisation processes are compatible with is...

The kinetics and thermodynamics of oxidation of Methionine and Ethionine by oxo (salen) chromium (V) ion have been investigated by spectrophotometric method in aqueous medium. The presence of water facilitates ligation of water to the Cr centre and forms an active oxidant [H2O (salen) Cr=O] + .The reaction is found to be first order each in the oxidant and the substrate. The presence of H + ion...

Chromium has two main valence states: hexavalent chromium (Cr[VI]) and trivalent chromium (Cr[III]). Cr(VI), a well-established human carcinogen, can enter cells by way of a sulfate/phosphate anion-transport system, and then be reduced to lower-valence intermediates consisting of pentavalent chromium (Cr[V]), tetravalent chromium (Cr[IV]) or Cr(III) via cellular reductants. These intermediates ...

Three hundred and twenty four one day old mixed sex broiler chicks were assigned at random into 9 treatment groups. The experimental design was a 3×3 factorial arrangement. During the starter period (week 1-3), chicks were fed ad libitum. A cornsoybean meal based diet contained 23% crude protein, 3,200 kcal/kg metabolizable energy (NRC, 1994), and supplemented with organic or inorganic forms of...

Peroxochromium(IV) complexes are putative DNA-damaging and mutagenic agents in chromium(VI)-mediated carcinogenesis. The reaction between aquaethylenediaminebis(peroxo)chromium(IV) and glutathione at neutral pH exhibits a cyclic redox process displaying a persistent recycling of Cr(IV) and Cr(VI) with the intervention of chromium(V) intermediates. The coordination by a glutathione molecule trig...

Low-molecular-weight organic chromium complexes such as chromium picolinate are often used as dietary supplements to improve insulin sensitivity and to correct dyslipidemia. However, toxicity associated with such chromium compounds has compromised their therapeutic value. The aim of this study was to evaluate the impact of a newly synthesized complex of chromium with phenylalanine, Cr(pa)3 on i...

Treatment of chromium(II) chloride with 2 equiv of Li[tBuNC(CH3)NtBu], Li[iPrNC(CH3)NiPr], or Li[tBuNC(CH3)NEt] (prepared from the corresponding carbodiimides and methyllithium) afforded Cr[tBuNC(CH3)NtBu]2 (1, 50%), Cr[iPrNC(CH3)NiPr]2 (2, 54%), and [Cr(tBuNC(CH3)NEt)2]2 (3, 58%) as deep blue, purple, and amber or metallic green crystals, respectively. Cr[tBuNC(CH3)NtBu]2 and Cr[iPrNC(CH3)NiPr...

Chromium pollution has been historically widespread throughout the world. Most available remediation technologies often require energy consumption. This study is aimed to develop electrochemical remediation for Cr(VI) in chromium-slag leakage with self-generated electricity. Dynamic leaching experiments of chromium-slag samples were conducted to survey the release and leaching behavior of Cr(VI...