The processes responsible for the transformation of banded iron formations to hard high-grade hematite ore, and their timing, remain poorly understood despite many recent advances. The paleomagnetic method allows for the estimation of ore genesis timing as a complement to other techniques. The effectiveness of the paleomagnetic method at dating, and testing proposed models for, the genesis of h...

We determined the composition of ~30-m.y.-old solutions extracted from fluid inclusions in one of the world's largest and richest silver ore deposits at Fresnillo, Mexico. Silver concentrations average 14 ppm and have a maximum of 27 ppm. The highest silver, lead and zinc concentrations correlate with salinity, consistent with transport by chloro-complexes and confirming the importance of brine...

We present a first paragenetic study of the Wuyier, Wuyisan, Wuyiyi and Shihongtan sandstone-hosted roll-front uranium deposits, northwest China. The mineralization is hosted by Lower–Middle Jurassic coarseto medium-grained sandstones, which are dark-gray to black due to a mixture of ore minerals and carbonaceous debris. The sandstone is alluvial fan-braided river facies. Minerals associated wi...

Chromite ore processing residue (COPR), derived from the so-called high lime processing of chromite ore, contains high levels of Cr(III) and Cr(VI) and has a pH between 11 and 12. Ferrous sulfate, which is used for remediation of Cr(VI) contamination in wastewater and soils via reduction to Cr(III) and subsequent precipitation of iron(III)/chromium(III) hydroxide, has also been proposed for rem...

Rising economic value of a large number of metals as a result of their importance for new technologies and industrial development has renewed worldwide interest for mineral exploration and detailed studies of ore deposits. The Dill’s (2010) “chessboard” classification of mineral deposits is the most recent attempt to provide an exhaustive overview of all mineral deposits known to date. However,...

Silica sand is widely used in the transformation industry. For instance, it is used in the making of glass, silicates, paints, glass-ceramics and ceramics. Traditionally, glass and ceramic materials have been manufactured using high-purity silica and minerals taken from ore on the surface of the earth. However, during recent decades, the manufacture of household and industrial products has incr...