Circoviridae family contains two genuses. Chicken anaemia virus (CAV) is the only member of the genus Gyrovirus, while the genus Circovirus currently comprises porcine circoviruses type 1 and 2 (PCV1, PCV2), psittacine beak and feather disease virus (BFDV), pigeon circovirus (PiCV), canary circovirus (CaCV), goose circovirus (GoCV) and duck circovirus (DuCV) [24]. Members of circoviridae family...

The RNA genome segment order, nucleotide sequence and the putative encoded proteins were determined for infectious salmon anaemia virus (ISAV). Eight segments of genomic viral RNA between 1.0 and 2.4 kb in length were identified. RNA segments 1-6 each had a predicted single open reading frame encoding the P1, PB1, NP, P2, P3 and HA proteins, respectively. Segment 7 encoded the P4/P5 proteins an...

Background: Non-ionic surfactant, Tween-80 (TW80) is commonly used for drug delivery due to its effect on the cell membrane permeation. The change in permeability can also increase viral infectivity in cells. This study was undertaken to improve upon Newcastle disease virus (NDV) titer cultivated with embryonic chicken eggs. Methods: The toxicity of TW80 was investigated against chicken embryo...

conclusions taken together, these data reveal that cellular protease of chicken liver cells allows the replication of high yields of h9n2 virus in the absence of trypsin and also cell death in the infected cells is due to necrosis. results the degree of viability was significantly reduced in infected hepatoma cells. observations of caspase activation and cell dna laddering in infected cells wer...