Feeding systems and behaviors must evolve to satisfy the metabolic needs of organisms. This includes modifications to feeding systems as body size and metabolic needs change. Using our own data and data from the literature, we examine how size-related changes in metabolic needs are met by size-related changes in daily feeding time, chew cycle duration, volume of food processed per chew, and dai...

In This Issue In This Issue Rafts and the evil amyloids ipid rafts are bad news for those with Alzheimer's disease (AD). On page 113, Ehehalt et al. show that formation of the ␤-amyloid peptide (A ␤), which is tightly linked to AD, depends on the raft association of one of its creators. The creating enzyme is ␤-secretase, which cleaves the amyloid precursor protein (APP) to release a product th...

Movoflex® Soft Chew (Virbac, USA) is a nutritional supplement to support dogs’ mobility. It contains unique combination of five ingredients: eggshell membrane, hyaluronic acid (HA) high molecular weight, Boswellia serrata extract, astaxanthin, and vitamin D3. Krill oil low weight HA are now added the supplement. The tolerance this advanced formula was first evaluated in dogs. aspect, palatabili...

Bacterial chemotaxis is one of the best studied signal transduction pathways. CheW is a scaffold protein that mediates the association of the chemoreceptors and the CheA kinase in a ternary signaling complex. The effects of replacing conserved Arg62 of CheW with other residues suggested that the scaffold protein plays a more complex role than simply binding its partner proteins. Although R62A C...

An expressed sequence tag homologous to cheA was previously isolated by random sequencing of Thermotoga maritima cDNA clones (C. W. Kim, P. Markiewicz, J. J. Lee, C. F. Schierle, and J. H. Miller, J. Mol. Biol. 231: 960-981, 1993). Oligonucleotides complementary to this sequence tag were synthesized and used to identify a clone from a T. maritima lambda library by using PCR. Two partially overl...

The influential Berkeley theoretical physicist Geoffrey Chew renounced the reigning approach to the study of subatomic particles in the early 1960s. The standard approach relied on a rigid division between elementary and composite particles. Partly on the basis of his new interpretation of Feynman diagrams, Chew called instead for a "nuclear democracy" that would erase this division, treating a...

Research suggests that there might be a relationship between chew count as well as chewing rate and energy intake. Chewing has been used in wearable sensor systems for the automatic detection of food intake, but little work has been reported on the automatic measurement of chew count or chewing rate. This work presents a method for the automatic quantification of chewing episodes captured by a ...