Ovarian cancer is among the most lethal of all malignancies in women. While chemotherapy is the preferred treatment modality, chemoresistance severely limits treatment success. Recent evidence suggests that deregulation of key pro- and anti-apoptotic pathways is a key factor in the onset and maintenance of chemoresistance. Furthermore, the discovery of novel interactions between these pathways ...

Chemoresistance is the main challenge for the recurrent ovarian cancer therapy and responsible for treatment failure and unfavorable clinical outcome. Understanding mechanisms of chemoresistance in ovarian cancer would help to predict disease progression, develop new therapies and personalize systemic therapy. In the last decade, accumulating evidence demonstrates that epithelial-mesenchymal tr...

Tongue squamous cell carcinoma (TSCC) is one of the most common head and neck cancers. Cisplatin is effective as a single agent or in combination with other drugs for the treatment of TSCC. Treatment with cisplatin-based chemotherapy has been found to improve the prognosis of patients with TSCC. However, one of the most important clinical issues of cisplatin-based TSCC chemotherapy is the intri...

Chemoresistance is a leading cause of morbidity and mortality in cancer and it continues to be a challenge in cancer treatment. Chemoresistance is influenced by genetic and epigenetic alterations which affect drug uptake, metabolism and export of drugs at the cellular levels. While most research has focused on tumor cell autonomous mechanisms of chemoresistance, the tumor microenvironment has e...

Ovarian cancer is one of the most deadly malignancies in women because of its poor prognosis and that a majority of patients are diagnosed at advanced stage. Therefore, chemotherapy becomes the most important treatment option in most ovarian cancer cases. However, chemoresistance in relapsed cases is the major obstacle for the clinical management of this disease. Mounting evidences have suggest...

Over the past decades, prognosis of advanced stage epithelial ovarian cancer remains very poor, despite the development of new chemotherapeutic drugs, as well as molecular targeted agents. Late presentation and frequent chemoresistance account for the poor prognosis. Emerging studies have shown that many genetic changes, especially p53 mutation, are associated with the chemoresistance. However,...

Chemoresistance prevents the curative cancer therapy, our understanding of which remains inadequate. Among the differentially expressed genes between the chemosensitive (5637) and chemoresistant (H-bc) bladder cancer cell lines, the expression level of the PSEN1 gene (presenilin 1), a key component of the γ-secretase, is negatively correlated with chemoresistance. A small interfering RNA mediat...

BACKGROUND Breast cancer cells can develop chemoresistance after prolonged exposure to cytotoxic drugs due to expression of the multi drug resistance (MDR) 1 gene. Type 2 cyclo-oxygenase (COX-2) inhibitors reverse the chemoresistance phenotype of a medullary thyroid carcinoma cell line, TT, and of a breast cancer cell line, MCF7, by inhibiting MDR1 expression and P-gp function. AIM investigat...

Cancer-associated fibroblasts (CAF) are recognized as one of the key determinants in the malignant progression of lung adenocarcinoma. And its contributions to chemoresistance acquisition of lung cancer has raised more and more attention. In our study, cancer associated fibroblasts treated with cisplatin conferred chemoresistance to lung cancer cells. Meanwhile, Interleukin-11(IL-11) was signif...

Chemoresistance is a complex mechanism, involving various biological pathways. Also, chemoresistance is a major cause of cancer treatment failure. Cancer stem cell (CSC) in solid cancer has recently identified, but its role in solid organ tumour is not clearly documented. However, research data supported that CSC may involve in carcinogenesis, invasion and metastasis, as well as resistance to v...