In a classical PLL, the phase detector (PD) and charge pump (CP) noise is multiplied by N, when referred to the VCO output, due to the divide-by-N in the feedback path. It often dominates the in-band phase noise and limits the achievable PLL jitter•power Figure-Of-Merit (FOM). A sub-sampling PLL uses a PD that sub-samples the high frequency VCO output with the reference clock. The PD and CP noi...

In a classical PLL, the phase detector (PD) and charge pump (CP) noise is multiplied by N, when referred to the VCO output, due to the divide-by-N in the feedback path. It often dominates the in-band phase noise and limits the achievable PLL jitter·power Figure-Of-Merit (FOM). A subsampling PLL uses a PD that sub-samples the high frequency VCO output with the reference clock. The PD and CP nois...

For extremely-scaled CMOS technologies, supply voltages well below 1V will be required to maintain reliability [1]. Analog and RF design with standard devices then becomes very challenging because of the significant reduction in both the available signal swing and the available overdrive for biasing. We present ultralow-voltage design techniques that maintain all node voltages between the suppl...

There is several application of phase locked loop in the field of communication. It depends on the mixed signal operation. It is capable of fast locking capability. present work based on redesign of the PLL system using 90nm technology process at frequency 1 GHz and the lock time is 179.5 ns and transient analysis of the PLL is simulate between 1ns to 1000ns.it consumes the 179.5 mW power at 1....

This chapter addresses modern telecommunication integrated circuits from the synthesizer focal point; in particular it concentrates at the analysis and the design of integrated charge pump circuit blocks. It presents an overview of charge pump topologies in addition to a coherent analysis of the associated benefits and shortcomings of all circuit alternatives. Moreover a novel favorable charge ...

In this paper, a 0.18-V input three-stage charge pump circuit applying forward body bias is proposed for energy harvesting applications. In the developed charge pump, all the MOSFETs are forward body biased by using the inter-stage/output voltages. By applying the proposed charge pump as the startup in the boost converter, the kick-up input voltage of the boost converter is reduced to 0.18 V. T...

An improved charge pump that utilizes a MOSFET body diode as a charge transfer switch is discussed. The body diode is characterized and a body diode model is developed for simulating the charge pump circuit. An increase in voltage pumping gain for a silicon-on-insulator (SOI) Dickson charge pump is demonstrated when compared with a traditional bulk CMOS Dickson charge pump. A 6-stage Dickson ch...

Reference spurs are one of the main problems in integer-N phaselocked loops (PLLs). A ratioed current charge pump is proposed to suppress reference spur magnitude in the PLL output. The ratioed current charge pump can be implemented by resizing the source and drain network of the charge pump. A formula to calculate the ratioed current and transistor size is presented. The reference spur magnitu...

This paper describes the operation of three types of charge pump circuits. Power efficiency theory of charge pumps is discussed. A method of estimating the output ripple of a charge pump from the size of the capacitors used is described. A new charge pump circuit that uses two cascoded buffer transistors to improve the area efficiency is proposed.

Conventional SC-based charge pump with fixed conversion ratio is predominantly adopted in energy harvesting (EH) systems, which becomes a bottleneck for attaining high power efficiency (PCE) wide dynamic range (WDR). This article reviews and explores the reconfigurable (RCP) as an alternative voltage-boosting element EH system. An overview of RCP structure established, followed by comprehensive...