We relate the fundamental stages of the long road leading to the discovery of electricity and its uses in cardiology. The first observations on the electromagnetic phenomena were registered in ancient texts; many Greek and Roman writers referred to them, although they provided no explanations. The first extant treatise dates back to the XIII century and was written by Pierre de Maricourt during...

The orchid species Dendrobium nobile belonging to the family Orchidaceae and genus Dendrobium (a vast genus that encompasses nearly 1,200 species) has an herbal medicinal history of about 2000 years in east and south Asian countries. Here, we report the complete chloroplast genome sequence of D. nobile from northeastern India for the first time.

We use the appointment of a Kenyan Roman Catholic archbishop as a natural experiment to analyze the impact of church authorities’ teaching on sexual behavior. Using a triple-difference approach, we find that following the archbishop’s counter-doctrinal assertion that condom use within a marriage can be acceptable to reduce HIV infections, Catholic married couples within the archdiocese who had ...

Immunotherapy with allergen-loaded nanoparticles containing lipopolysaccharide from Brucella ovis Condensed title: Gantrez nanoparticles for immunotherapy Authors: Sara Gómez, Carlos Gamazo, Beatriz San Roman, Marta Ferrer, Maria Luisa Sanz, Juan M. Irache Adjuvant Unit, Department of Pharmaceutical Technology and Microbiology, University of Navarra, 31080 Pamplona, Spain. Allergy Department, U...

Comprehensive sexuality education and sexuality education that is inclusive to lesbian, gay, bisexual, transgender, queer, and questioning (LGBTQ) youth is thought to educate and support youth in their social relations. Despite the obligation for Dutch schools to cover sexuality education in their curricula, including the topic of sexual diversity, the content that is covered varies widely acro...

Extended Abstract: I will only summarise the evidence for the transmission of the calculus from India to Europe in the 16th c. CE, since it has been considered elsewhere. Briefly, unlike the wild claims of transmission from “Greece”, typically advanced without serious evidence by Western historians in the last three centuries, the standard of evidence I use is a legal standard of evidence which...

AIM To evaluate the impact on smokers' behavior of public health activity related to a religious event such as Lent in a predominantly Roman Catholic country. METHODS "Smoke out day" was organized on the first day of Lent, a period of self-denial for Roman Catholics, combining cultural and religious significance for Croatian people. The day was covered by a massive media campaign. Smoking beh...

Ms Kuhse argues against the doctrine of 'the sanctity of life', against the application of acts and omissions doctrine in medical practice, and against the common assumption that there is a crucial moral difference between intentionally discontinuing ordinary medical treatment and intentionally discontinuing extra-ordinary medical treatment. Intentional acts or omissions which shorten life are ...