The aim of the present study was to explore the holistic processing of the human body shape. Composite illusion is used as a marker to demonstrate face holistic processing. Previous studies showed that adults find it difficult to name the top half of a familiar face when it has been aligned with the bottom half of a different face compared with misaligned condition. The current study aimed to e...

In studying holistic face processing across the life-span there are only few attempts to separate face-specific from general aging effects. Here we used the complete design of the composite paradigm (Cheung et al., 2008) with faces and novel non-face control objects (watches) to investigate composite effects in young (18-32 years) and older adults (63-78 years). We included cueing conditions to...

Pond aquaculture is the most significant fish production method in central Europe, approximately 70% of the total fish production is originated from traditional fish ponds in this region, which is a resource-saving, ecologically sustainable production method. However, the growth of this sector is not expected because of the low production capacity of valuable fish species and the relatively hig...

Holistic processing, a hallmark of face processing, can be measured by the composite face effect: adults have difficulty recognising the top half of a face when it is aligned with a new bottom half, unless holistic processing is disrupted by misaligning the two halves. Like the recognition of facial identity, holistic processing is impaired when faces are inverted. To obtain a more refined meas...

We report three experiments in which we investigated the effect of rigid facial motion on face processing. Specifically, we used the face composite effect to examine whether rigid facial motion influences primarily featural or holistic processing of faces. In Experiments 1-3, participants were first familiarized with dynamic displays in which a target face turned from one side to another; then ...

Composite stimuli are whole faces comprised of two halves taken from different individuals. When asked to decide if two identical top halves are the 'same', subjects are more accurate (or faster to respond) in misaligned trials, than in aligned trials. This performance advantage for misaligned trials is referred to as the composite face effect (CFE). The proposed explanation is that aligned fea...

In this study, granulated sludge synthesized in a sequence batch reactor (SBR) and then granulated sludge was transferred to continuous feeding and intermittent discharge (CFID) bioreactor. Two independent variables (air flow rate and hydraulic retention time (HRT)) were considered to optimize the process. Subsequently, long term performance (150 days) of the bioreactor was assessed by monitori...