Nowadays, waste production is increased due to the growth of technology and excessive use of natural resources as well as production of new chemicals, among which the hazardous wastes are no exception of that stabilization and solidification method is one of the hazardous waste management methods through which the waste materials are stabilized and confined. High flexibility for various polluta...

This research is focused on analyzing the environmental pollution potential of biomass bottom ashes as individual materials, as mixtures manufactured with biomass bottom ashes and granular construction aggregates, and these mixtures treated with cement. For the environmental assessment of all of the samples and materials mentioned, the following leaching procedures have been performed: the comp...

In this research, we investigated the use of an inexpensive thermally regenerated activated carbon as a pre-adsorbent in the solidification/stabilization of phenol-contaminated sand. Our results show that even the addition of very low amounts of regenerated activated carbon (1%-2% w/w sand) resulted in the rapid adsorption of phenol in the Chemical solidification/stabilization (S/S) matrix, wit...

The pavement constructions on soft and expansive soils are not durable and unable to sustain heavy traffic loading. As a result, pavement failures and settlement problems will occur very often even under light traffic loading due to cyclic and rolling effects. Geotechnical engineers have dwelled deeply into this matter, and adopt various methods to improve the engineering characteristics of sof...

A sludge composite modifier SCM which comprises a mixture of three cementitious components was proposed for sludge drying and stabilization. Effect of SCM components on sludge moisture content was analyzed using uniform design and the optimum composition of SCM was determined by computer-aided modeling and optimization. To compare the drying effect of SCM, quicklime, and Portland cement, the ef...

BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE Previous ex vivo biomechanical studies have shown that kyphoplasty with polymethylmethacrylate cement increases vertebral body (VB) strength and restores VB stiffness and height after compression fracture. The purpose of the current study was to determine if a hydroxyapatite cement used as a void filler during kyphoplasty provides mechanical stabilization similar to that ...

BACKGROUND Cement injection into osteolytic areas around the cement mantle is a technique for refixation of loose hip implants for patients who cannot undergo standard revision surgery. Preliminary clinical results show the improvement in walking distance, patients' independence and pain relief. METHODS In this study, we use a detailed finite element model to analyze whether cement injection ...

This paper reports the method and mechanism for improving the strength of marl and desert sand utilizing electric arc furnace dust (EAFD), an industrial by-product, in lieu of cement or lime. EAFD was used in conjunction with a small quantity (2%) of cement. The mechanical properties and durability characteristics of marl and sand mixed with 2% cement plus 5-, 10-, 20- or 30%-EAFD, by weight of...

Modem municipal waste combustors (MWC's) process approximately 100 million tons of refuse each year in the United States, Europe and Japan, producing 30 million tons of ash. The incineration process has the effect of concentrating the toxic heavy metals normally present in municipal refuse. As a result, the ash may require treatment to reduce the quantity or the mobility of heavy metals within ...