The raw material used for this NCC production was oil palm empty bunches (OPEFB), currently waste from plantations. Delignification of OPEFB carried out using 2 N NaOH solution at 70oC 6 hours. maximum yield is 62.1% (dry cellulose basis) obtained a concentration 54% sulfuric acid and temperature 50oC. addition plasticizers (glycerol PEG) reduced the elastic modulus capsules 7951.4 MPa to 4758 ...

The hydrophilic polymer poly[2-(2-(2-methoxy ethoxy)ethoxy)ethylacrylate] (POEG3A) was grafted onto the reducing end-groups (REGs) of cellulose nanocrystal (CNC) allomorphs, and their liquid crystalline properties were investigated. REGs on CNCs extracted from I (CNC-I) are exclusively located at one end crystallite, whereas II (CNC-II) feature both ends so that grafting affords asymmetrically ...

Abstract Microemulsion (ME) is widely used in food, pharmaceuticals, and medical applications. In the formulation of MEs, a substantial amount surfactant needed to stabilize lipo-hydrophilic interface, which may have adverse effects on biological cells. Cellulose its derivatives been extensively utilized as solid emulsifying agents, known pickering are added improve stability emulsions. this st...

This study demonstrated the potential of simultaneously recovering cellulosic solid residues (CSR) and producing cellulose nanocrystals (CNCs) by strong sulfuric acid hydrolysis to minimize cellulose loss to near zero. A set of slightly milder acid hydrolysis conditions than that considered as "optimal" were used to significantly minimize the degradation of cellulose into soluble sugars that ca...

Nanocomposites of poly(lactide) (PLA) and cellulose nanocrystal (CNC) were fabricated using two different types covalently grafted surface compatibilizers, namely fatty acids (lauric or stearic acid) poly(glycidyl methacrylate) (PGMA) bearing reactive epoxy end-groups. Temperature-Modulated DSC analysis informed on weak attractive interaction PLA CNC-g-lauric acid plasticizing CNC-g-stearic aci...

The potential of neat poly(lactic acid) (PLA) and PLA/cellulose nanocrystal (CNC) blown films in extending the shelf-life crackers, a moisture-sensitive food product, was assessed. Product’s shelf-life, i.e., time required by crackers to reach its critical moisture content (CMC) 8%, determined experimentally from versus storage plots at constant temperature (25 °C) various conditions relative h...

In this work, the adsorption of a neutral flexible polysaccharide, xyloglucan (XG), onto thin cellulose nanocrystal (CNC) surfaces has been investigated to get more insight into the CNC-XG association. Gold-coated quartz crystals were spin-coated with one layer of CNC, and XG adsorption was monitored in situ using a quartz crystal microbalance with dissipation (QCM-D). The adsorption of XG unde...

The aim of this project has been to prepare nanocrystalline cellulose (CNC) from hydrochloric acid hydrolysis and optimise the process. CNC was also prepared from sulphuric acid hydrolysis to use as a reference. The starting material in both these processes was microcrystalline cellulose (MCC), therefore another cellulose source was used to try and prepare CNC from. The cellulose was extracted ...

Sugar palm (Arenga pinnata) fibre (SPF) waste is a side product of sugar starch production and needs to be processed avoid environmental pollution. Since the SPF has high cellulose content, it can beneficial if valorized into high-value products such as nanocrystal (CNC). The CNC from was initiated by using an environmentally friendly peroxide bleaching elementary chlorine free method. conducte...