OBJECTIVE Although several studies have established the association between antibiotics and Clostridium difficile infection (CDI), there is a lack of epidemiological studies on the incidence of CDI in European Intensive Care Units outside the context of infection outbreaks. The present study describes the incidence, patient characteristics, complications, and recurrence rates of CDI in a Spanis...

Clostridium difficile infection (CDI) are the leading cause of world-wide nosocomial acquired diarrhea. The current main clinical challenge in CDI is the elevated rate of infection recurrence that may reach up to 30% of the patients, which has been associated to the formation of dormant spores during the infection. We sought to characterize the effects of oral administration of specific anti-sp...

C lostridium difficile infection (CDI), most often resulting from an antibiotic-induced disturbance of the healthy intestinal microbiota, is an increasing health problem (1 3). Antibiotics such as metronidazole or vancomycin are well-established and effective treatment options for first occurrences of CDI (4, 5) (socalled primary), but up to one third of patients experience treatment failure or...

BACKGROUND Patients with suspected Clostridium difficile infection (CDI) often receive empirical therapy prior to collection of stool specimens for diagnostic testing. The likelihood that such empirical therapy might result in false-negative CDI test results is unknown. METHODS We conducted a prospective study of CDI patients to determine the time to conversion of CDI test results, including ...

Clostridioides difficile infection (CDI) is a worldwide concern. The increase in cases numbers and disease severity mortality combined with the scarcity of effective antibiotics warrant intensive research for alternative strategies to combat this disease. Although CDI inflammatory nature, antiinflammatory agents are not recommended management symptoms. Further, some drugs considered predisposin...

Clostridium difficile is one of the most common causes of antibiotic-associated diarrhoea. Despite C. difficile infection (CDI) has increased in all ages worldwide, episodes of CDI are often misdiagnosed due to the lack of clinical suspicion. Macrolides are also associated with CDI. Additionally, exposure to macrolides in the 12 weeks preceding infection is reported to be a significant risk fac...

Background. Antibiotic exposure is an important andmodifiable risk factor forClostridium difficile infection (CDI).We hypothesized that appropriate antibiotic therapy for common outpatient infections might reduce the risk of community-acquired CDI (CA-CDI). Methods. We conducted a case-control study of independent-living adult outpatients for two ambulatory infectious diagnoses: urinary tract i...

To evaluate the frequency, possible risk factors, and outcome of Clostridium difficile infection (CDI) in inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) patients.There has been an upsurge of CDI in patients with IBD who has been associated with increased morbidity and mortality. Various risk factors have been found to predispose IBD patients to CDI.A retrospective case-control study on IBD patients admitted ...

BACKGROUND Clostridium difficile infection (CDI) is an important cause of hospital-acquired morbidity and mortality. OBJECTIVE To evaluate the incidence of, predictors for, and effects on outcome by CDI after aneurysmal subarachnoid hemorrhage. METHODS Data were extracted from the Nationwide Inpatient Sample (2002-2011). Patients with subarachnoid hemorrhage who underwent microsurgical or e...

Clostridium difficile colitis is the most common gastrointestinal infection, exceeding all other gastrointestinal infections combined. There has been a dramatic increase in Clostridium difficile infection (CDI) worldwide during the past decade. Antibiotic therapy is a trigger precipitating antibiotic-associated diarrhea (AAD), which may lead to CDI. The antibiotic alters the protective, diverse...