two-component reaction of 2-aminobenzophenones with acetylenic esters in the presence of γ-al2o3 and cu/zno as suitable heterogeneous catalysts has been studied. nano γ-al2o3 and cu/zno showed high activities when used as surface catalysts for the synthesis of quinoline derivatives. after completion of the reaction, the catalyst was recovered and reused several times under the same reaction con...

The simultaneous esterification and transesterification of Jatropha curcas oil (JCO) was carried out in the presence of Bi2O3 (1–7 wt.%) modified La2O3 catalyst at atmospheric pressure. The catalyst were characterized by X-ray diffraction (XRD), BET surface area, desorption of CO2 (TPD-CO2) and NH3 (TPD-NH3). Under the optimal reaction condition of methanol/oil molar ratio of 15:1, 2 wt.% of ca...

Nanocrystalline ZnZr4(PO4)6 ceramics as an efficient catalyst have been used for the preparation of methyl 6-amino-5-cyano-4-aryl-2,4-dihydropyrano[2,3-c]pyrazole-3-carboxylates by the four component reaction of dimethylacetylenedicarboxylate, hydrazinehydrate, malononitrile and aromatic aldehydes in water at room temperature. In this research Nano-ZnZr4(PO4)6 coordinate with the active groups(...

A series of Fe3O4 supported on mesoporous FDU-12 silica systems were prepared by the hydrothermal conditions. The surface properties of the functionalized catalyst were analyzed by a series of characterization techniques like FTIR, XRD, N2 adsorption–desorption and TEM. XRD and adsorption–desorption analysis shows that the mesostructure of FDU silica remains intact after Fe3O4 modifications, wh...

A series of Fe3O4 supported on mesoporous FDU-12 silica systems were prepared by the hydrothermal conditions. The surface properties of the functionalized catalyst were analyzed by a series of characterization techniques like FTIR, XRD, N2 adsorption–desorption and TEM. XRD and adsorption–desorption analysis shows that the mesostructure of FDU silica remains intact after Fe3O4 modifications, wh...

Heterogeneous transesterification of vegetable oils offers an environmentally more attractive option for biodiesel production compared with the conventional homogeneous processes. Thus, double metallic methoxide catalyst was developed in the present study, aiming to improve the transesterification of low-cost palm stearin (PS) and reduce waste generation. The physicochemical properties of the s...

In this study, silica nanoparticles were used as support to prepare a new heterogeneous catalyst system for application in organic reactions. The reaction of silica nanoparticles with sodium 2-bromoethane-1-sulfonate resulted in the connection of a sulfonic acid group on the surface of silica nanoparticles (NSESA). The synthetic catalyst system was characterized using different microscopic and ...

Combining first-principles calculations and in situ photoelectron spectroscopy, we show how the composition and structure of the surface of an alloy catalyst is affected by the temperature and pressure of the reagents. The Ag-Cu alloy, recently proposed as an improved catalyst for ethylene epoxidation, forms a thin Cu-O surface oxide, while a Ag-Cu surface alloy is found not to be stable. Sever...

The central theme of this article is how to explore a novel route to fabricate graphene– ZnO@SiO2 hybrid by a covalent process. The synthesis procedure consists of three-steps: (1) synthesis of ZnO nanoparticles, (2) ZnO nanoparticles modification by tetraethyl orthosilicate and (3-aminopropyl) triethoxysilane after introduction of amino groups on its surface, (3) the covalent attach...

Nanocrystalline ZnZr4(PO4)6 ceramics as an efficient catalyst have been used for the preparation of methyl 6-amino-5-cyano-4-aryl-2,4-dihydropyrano[2,3-c]pyrazole-3-carboxylates by the four component reaction of dimethylacetylenedicarboxylate, hydrazinehydrate, malononitrile and aromatic aldehydes in water at room temperature. In this research Nano-ZnZr4(PO4)6 coordinate with the active groups(...